stages of sleep

1.5a

NREM sleep

contains NREM-1, NREM-2, and NREM-3, progresses from light to deep sleep

REM sleep

rapid eye movement sleep, when we have most pronounced dreams

EEG (electroencephalogram)

used to identify brain waves that categorize each stage of sleep, operates with electrodes attached to the skull

gamma waves

concentrating SUPER hard on a task and awake

alpha waves

twilight stage, awake but relaxed, slower and less rapid than beta (8-13 cps)

beta waves

normal waking state, like awake and reading this (14-30 cps)

theta waves/NREM-1

pre-sleep, semi awake, hypnoidal state, brief transition stage (4-8 cps)

hypnagogic jerks

during NREM-1, twitching movements

delta waves

5-4 cps, in NREM-3 (deepest stage of sleep)

NREM-2

also has theta waves, largest percentage of total slleep each night has two types of unique brain activity: sleep spindles and k complexes

sleep spindles

small bursts of rapid electrical activity

k complexes

Involved in memory consolidation, High amplitude slow brain waves

NREM-3

deepest stage of sleep may experience somnambulism or somniloquy, body and heartrate decrease

NREM rebound

when deprived of NREM-3 sleep, you face this

REM sleep

Reflects an active nervous system also referred to as paradoxical sleep called REM because of eye-movement beneath eyelids

REm paradox

while the brain is active and heart rate and blood pressure are elevated the major muscle groups of the body are essentially paralyzed

sleep paralysis

 the motor cortex actively sent messages but the brain stem stops those messages from traveling to your bodies muscles resulting in the inability to move during REM sleep

rem rebound

 our bodies will do what is necessary to get enough REM sleep even though that means sacrificing nREM

circadian rhythms

24 hour cycle that a number of physiological functions occur in

suprachiasmatic nucleus

governs internal biological clock by responding to light and influences pineal gland

pineal gland

near the center of the brain, secretes hormone melatonin

dual processing

 information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks

phase delay

the tendency of kids to delay their sleeping and waking time