89. Hygiene requirements to Crèches and Kindergartens.

What are Crèches?

• Definition: Institutions for children aged 3 months to 3 years.

• They are organizationally separate from kindergartens.

• Staff includes medical professionals, caregivers and educators.

• Group size: 6 to 16 children per group.

What are Kindergartens?

• Accept children from age 3 until they begin first grade.

• Group size: 20 to 25 children.

• Service radius: 450–600 meters

  • ensuring accessibility from residential areas.

Health and Hygiene Requirements of Crèches

🏠 Premises:

Each crèche group must have:

• Dressing room

• sleeping area

• Playroom/ study room

• Dining area

• Toilet and washroom

• Direct internal connections between all rooms to ensure ease of movement and hygiene.

Windows:

• Located 0.6 meters above the floor, and close to the ceiling.

• To allow natural light and sunshades for control.

🪑 Furnishing:

Must be:

• Age-appropriate (size, height, comfort)

• Easily cleaned with water and disinfectants

• Safe (no sharp edges or toxic materials)

• Aesthetic to create a pleasant environment

🧭 Entrances:

• Separate entrances and staircases:

  • For every 2 crèche or 4 kindergarten groups

  • Administrative and isolation rooms also have separate entrances

  • If possible, each group should have its own entrance to avoid mixing

Health and Hygiene Requirements of Kindergartens- 4 points

These relate to:

1. Buildings and premises

2. Furniture and equipment

3. Environmental conditions

4. Type and organization of activities

Building Requirements and Internal Premises:

• Typically two floors

• Exceptionally, three floors (administrative areas on top floor)

Functional Rooms:

• Dormitory and Play/Study Room:

  • Combined space of:

    • 100 m² (full-day stay)

    • 50 m² (half-day stay)

  • Minimum 4 m² per child

• Sports and Music Hall:

  • ≥ 80 m²

  • Must have natural and mechanical ventilation

• Administrative & Medical Rooms:

  • Director’s office

  • Teachers’ room

  • Doctor’s office

  • Isolation room + bathroom

  • Dressing and bathrooms for staff

• Kitchen: For catering

• Laundry Room: Separate entrance

• Swimming pool: Optional if feasible

Construction and Design Features:

• Connections:

  • Direct links between dressing rooms, toilets, washrooms, dormitories, and play/study rooms.

• Room Height:

  • ≥ 2.6 meters

• Minimum area and volume per child:

  • 4 m² floor space

  • 6 m³ air volume

• Windows:

  • Placed at 0.6 meters from the floor

  • At least 50% should be openable

  • Must be secure

• Dormitories:

  • Should face south or southeast

  • West-facing only in exceptional cases (to ensure sufficient natural light and comfort)

General Principles:

1. Group Isolation:

• Prevents spread of infectious diseases due to children's weak immunity.

2. Physical Activity:

• Provided indoors and outdoors to ensure balanced physical development.

3. Air-Thermal Comfort:

• Ventilation, temperature, and humidity must be controlled for comfort and health.