Biology - Chapter 3 Energy & Matter In Ecosystems

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Last updated 4:31 AM on 11/29/22
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20 Terms

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Energy
the ability to do work (cause some kind of change)
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Ecosystem
a complex web of interconnected biotic and abiotic components
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Food Chain
a sequence that links by their feeding relationships
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Carnviores
only eat animals
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Omnivores
eat both plants and animals
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Detritivores
organisms that eat detritus or dead organic matter
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Decomposers
organisms that break down organic matter into simpler compounds (return vital nutrients to environment)
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Trophic Levels
levels of nourishment in a food chain.
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Food web
what models the complex network of feeding relationships between trophic levels within an environment
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Biomass
the mass or weight of living tissue, which is commonly subdivided into five fundamental trophic levels forming the basic food chain
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Pyramid Models
show/represent patterns of energy & matter distribution at the organism and ecosystem levels
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Trophic Efficiency
the percentage of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next
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Energy Pyramid
models the transfer of energy beginning with producers and working up the food chain to the top-level consumer
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Biomass Pyramid
compares the biomass at different trophic levels within an ecosystem
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Pyramid of Numbers
shows how many individual organisms are present at each trophic level in an ecosystem
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Primary Producer
An autotroph organism producing complex organic matter, using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
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Primary Consumers
the consumers that make up the second trophic level (also called herbivores)
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Secondary Consumers
largely carnivores that feed on primary consumers or herbivores
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Tertiary Consumer
those that eat the secondary consumers (large predators)
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Quaternary Consumer
a quaternary consumer is an animal that consumes at the very top of the food chain, after the primary consumer.