Geometry Semester 2 - Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards for Geometry Semester 2 Final Review.

Quadrilateral

A polygon with four sides.

Parallelogram

A quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel.

Rectangle

A parallelogram with four right angles.

Square

A parallelogram with four congruent sides and four right angles.

Rhombus

A parallelogram with four congruent sides.

Kite

A quadrilateral with two distinct pairs of equal adjacent sides.

Trapezoid

A quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides.

Convex Polygon

Polygon where all interior angles are less than 180 degrees.

Concave Polygon

Polygon where at least one interior angle is greater than 180 degrees.

Dilation

A transformation that produces similar figures where ratios of sides within and between figures are preserved.

Scale Factor

The ratio of corresponding linear measurements of two similar figures.

Triangle Similarity Theorems

AA, SSS, and SAS

Side Splitter Theorem

A line parallel to one side of a triangle intersects the other two sides proportionally.

Pythagorean Triple

A set of three positive integers that satisfy the Pythagorean Theorem (a^2 + b^2 = c^2).

Sine

The ratio of the length of the side opposite to the hypotenuse in a right triangle.

Cosine

The ratio of the length of the side adjacent to the hypotenuse in a right triangle.

Tangent

The ratio of the length of the side opposite to the side adjacent in a right triangle.

Angle of Elevation

The angle formed by a horizontal line and the line of sight to an object above the horizontal line.

Angle of Depression

The angle formed by a horizontal line and the line of sight to an object below the horizontal line.

Tangent Line

A line that touches a circle at only one point, and is perpendicular to the radius at that point.

Secant Line

A line that intersects a circle at two points.

Central Angle

An angle whose vertex is at the center of the circle

Inscribed Angle

An angle whose vertex is on the circle and whose sides are chords.

Sector

The region bounded by two radii of the circle and their intercepted arc.

Prism

A three-dimensional shape with two parallel bases that are congruent polygons and lateral faces that are parallelograms.

Cylinder

A three-dimensional shape with two parallel bases that are congruent circles and a curved lateral surface connecting the bases.

Pyramid

A three-dimensional shape with a polygonal base and triangular faces that meet at a common vertex.

Cone

A three-dimensional shape with a circular base and a curved lateral surface that tapers to a point (vertex).