Digestive Anatomy Lecture 9 - Embryology: Development of Stomach and Intestines

These flashcards cover key concepts of digestive anatomy and embryology, detailing the development of the stomach and intestines.

What are the three primordial germ layers that differentiate in early development of mammalian embryos?

Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm.

What does the endoderm form during early development?

The primitive gut.

What are the three main compartments formed from the primitive gut?

Foregut, Midgut, Hindgut.

What supplies the foregut during development?

Coeliac artery.

What are the components of the midgut?

Duodenum distal to bile and pancreatic ducts, jejunum, ileum, caecum, ascending colon, proximal part of transverse colon.

What supplies the hindgut during development?

Caudal mesenteric artery.

What layers are formed from the ectoderm in the digestive tract?

Epithelium of the oral cavity and outer portion of the anal canal, teeth, nerves, skin.

What structures are formed from the mesoderm in the digestive tract?

Lamina propria, submucosa, muscle layers, serosa/adventitia, blood and lymph vessels.

What does the endoderm contribute to during organogenesis?

Mucosal epithelium, mucosal glands, liver, and pancreas (glandular regions only).

What is a significant structural feature that develops within the esophagus during embryonic development?

The epithelium is initially ciliated but replaced by stratified squamous epithelium halfway through gestation.

How does the stomach change as it develops?

The dorsal border grows faster than the ventral, leading to greater and lesser curvature, and the stomach rotates around its long axis.

What are the stages of intestine development?

Growth and rotation, herniation and coiling, re-entry and placement, completion.

During which gestational period do the intestines typically undergo a temporary umbilical hernia?

About one-sixth of the way through gestation.

What is the significance of the 270° rotation of the intestines?

It allows the intestines to assume their adult configuration and proper position within the abdominal cavity.