ch 11 - Yield calcs + limiting reagent

define theoretical yield

the maximum amount of product that can be formed using stoichiometric ratios of the reactants & assumes 100% conversion

• The mass of the product that would be formed if the limiting reactant reacted completely 

what are factors that can influence the amount of product produced?

• When a reaction reaches equilibrium rather than continuing to completion, the actual yield will be less than the theoretical yield

• If the reaction rate is slow, the reaction may not proceed to completion in the time available = this reduces the actual yield so that the theoretical yield is not obtained 

• Loss of reactants & products during transfers between reaction vessels & in separation & purification stages (e.g. filtration) will result in smaller amounts of the product being obtained than expected

what does high % yield mean?

it means greater degree of conversion from reactants to products

explain the steps to find % yield

1. Write a balanced equation

2. Determine mols of reactant (thats given a mass/value in the question)

3. Use unknown/known x mols of known reactant to find mols of desired product

4. Find mass of product = theoretical yield 

Calculate % yield (the actual yield should be said in the question)

what is the formula for ideal gas law - state what each part of the formula means

explain how to find limiting reagent