Eye Disorders and Treatments

Flashcards covering eye disorders, diagnostic tests, and treatments discussed in the lecture.

Schirmer's Test

Diagnostic test for dry eye involving placing filter paper in the lower lid to measure moisture; normal results are 10-15mm of wet paper.

Cyclosporine

Medication used for dry eyes to increase tear production and reduce inflammation; may take 3-6 months for improvement.

Ectropion

Outward turning of the eyelid margin, potentially caused by Bell's palsy, birth defects, eye lacerations, or injuries.

Entropion

Inward turning of the eyelid, potentially caused by atrophy of eyelid tissue, congenital conditions, or trauma.

Cataracts

Clouding or opaqueness of the lens, leading to decreased visual acuity; caused by aging, injury, diabetes, UV rays, or corticosteroids.

Silt Lamp Exam

Diagnostic test used to see the opaqueness of the eye's lens.

Intracapsular Cataract Surgery

Cataract surgery where the entire lens is removed; less commonly performed.

Extracapsular Cataract Surgery

Preferred cataract surgery technique where part of the lens is removed.

Post-Op Cataract Surgery Instructions

Includes avoiding bending, stooping, coughing, lifting, or straining to prevent increased IOP; using an eye shield at night.

Diabetic Retinopathy

Disorder of retinal blood vessels characterized by microaneurysms, hemorrhages, exudates, and new vessel formation.

Photocoagulation

Surgical intervention for diabetic retinopathy that uses a laser beam to destroy new blood vessels and seal leaking vessels.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Slow, progressive loss of central and near vision, associated with drusen, UV light exposure, hyperopia, and smoking.

Drusen

Yellow exudate beneath the retinal pigment, seen in macular degeneration.

Fluorescein Angiography

Diagnostic test using drops to confirm the diagnosis of macular degeneration.

Retinal Detachment

Separation of the retina from the choroid; may be caused by severe trauma; initially painless but may present with floaters or a curtain-like vision.