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Angle of Incidence

The angle at which a bullet strikes a surface, which significantly affects the trajectory.

Rifled Barrel

A barrel designed with lands and grooves to impart spin on the bullet, enhancing accuracy.

Class Evidence of a cartidrige case

• manufacturer 

• shape

• caliber

• composition 

Individual Evidence of a cartridge case

• breech face marks 

• firing on impressions

• chamber marks

• extractor marks

• ejector marks 

Striations

Tiny scratches on a bullet that can be unique to a specific gun.

National Integrated Ballistic Information Network (NIBIN)

A specialized computer network that contains digital images of ballistic evidence and helps establish links in investigations.

Integrated Ballistic Identification System (IBIS)

A system that uses electronic and optical technology to digitally compare ballistic evidence in its database.

Ejection Pattern Test

A test conducted to analyze the patterns of discharged cartridge cases from a firearm; not considered a reliable method.

Conclusion of Analysis

The determination made if class characteristics and striations match, indicating that a bullet was likely fired by a specific gun.

Trajectory Kit

Tools used at a crime scene to analyze bullet trajectories and angles of impact.