digestive system

what is your digestive system

the mechanical and chemical digesting of food and absorption of nutrients

what is your digestive system made up of

the alimentary canal, accessory organs

what are the 7 accessory organs of the digestive system

pancreas, liver, gallbladder, small/large intestine, and appendix

what is the alimentary canal

the esophagus which moves food down from your mouth to your stomach

what is peristalsis

pushes food down the esophagus

where is the first place of digestion

the mouth

what does the mouth do in terms of helping the body digest food

the mouth begins digestion by chewing and mixing food with salivary amylase, which breaks down carbs and sugars

what type of digestion does the mouth do

chemical and mechanical

what does your teeth do in your mouth

chew, break down, and grind food

what does your tongue do in your mouth

moves food around

what are palatine tonsils

part of your immune system and are on the left and right side of your throat

what are the different types of teeth that you have

incisors, bicuspids, molars, and canines

what do your incisors do

tear and cut through your food, which is why they are more pointy

what do your bicuspids do

tear, crush, and grind your food

what do your molars do

main teeth that crush and grind your food

what do your canines do

help your tear food

what are wisdom teeth

adult teeth that come in during adulthood behind your molars

what is amylase

an enzyme in your mouth that breaks down carbs and sugars

where does amylase come out from in your mouth

from your parotid, submandibular, and sublingual gland

what does your esophagus do

transport food from your mouth to your stomach

what is it called when the esophagus penetrates the diaphragm

the esophageal hiatus

what is the muscle at the entrance of your stomach

the cardiac sphincter (ring that opens and closes)

what kind of digestion classifies as your stomach

chemical and mechanical

what is rugae

stomach lining that expands and contracts depending on how much food you eat

what is your duodenum

part of your stomach that leads to your small intestine

what is the purpose of mucus in the stomach

to prevent the stomach from digesting itself due to all the acid it contains

what does the enzyme pepsin digest in your stomach

breaks down proteins

what does the enzyme lipase digest in your stomach

breaks down fat

what is chyme

paste released into the duodenum

what does your pancreas do

releases insulin for the body to break down sugars

what does pancreatic juice do

breaks down fat through lipase

where does the pancreas and stomach empty into

the duodenum

what does the liver produce

bile

cystic duct comes from

the gallbladder

hepatic duct comes from

the liver

what do both ducts form

the common bile duct

what is the function of the liver

it makes bile, protein, stores sugar and vitamins, clots blood, clears bilirubin, and detoxifies your body

can your liver regenerate

yes

when is bilirubin produced

when blood cells break down

what happens when the liver doesnt clear the bilirubin

jaundice occurs in the person

what are bili-lights

fluorescent lights that reduce the levels of bilirubin

what does your gallbladder do

stores bile

where does your bile duct connect to

your duodenum

how do gallstones form

when bile is oversaturated with bilirubin

how do you remove gallstones from your body

by peeing them out, having them surgically removed, or by removing your gallbladder

what does your small intestine do

absorbs and breaks down nutrients

what enzymes are used in the small intestine

sucrase, lactase, and maltase

what is your small intestine made up of

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

what is mesentery

supports the coiling of the intestines

what is villi

increased surface areas for the absorption of nutrients

what does your large intestine do

secretes mucus, and reabsorbs water

what is the cecum

start of your large intestine, appendix is attached to this

what is your ileocecal valve

between small intestine and cecum

different names for your colon

ascending, transverse and descending

what is your rectum

where waste is stored before it leaves the body

what is your anus

muscular sphincter which controls exit of waste

mass movements

removes undigested food for water reabsorption

appendix

storehouse of good bacteria and reboots the entire digestive system

tonsilitis

inflammation of tonsils

root canal

to repair a badly infected tooth

appendicitis

when the lumen lining becomes infected and inflamed

scurvy

lack of vitamin c due to malnutrition, causes swelled gums, bruising, and slow-healing wounds