Intro to management chapter 2

what are the 4 main facets that influenced management practices of the pastt

economic social political and technological

why is studying the past management practices useful

it helps managers understand how to adapt to change today

what are some ways to study the history of management?

by time periods, schools of thought, institutions, and biographies

why should managers study the evolution of management

to recognize how practices and purposes have changed over time

what question does studying management history help answer

how and why management practices changed over time

what can studying management practices across organizations reveal

whether it was universal or varied

what does studying management evolution show about change?

managers must adapt differently to changing conditions

what are the 5 early categories of management theory

specialization of labor, systematic management, scientific management, administrative management and human relations management (S-triple-AH)

what is specialization of labor

dividing tasks so individuals specialize in specific parts of production

what does systematic management involve

engineers and economists managing plant layouts, costs, and pay rates

whos developed scientific management

frederick taylor (FT)

what did frederick taylor focus on?

using time studies to improve task efficiency

what did gilbreths contribute to management

time and motion studies to improve worker efficiency

what did henry gnatt create

visual charts to track task completion time (gnatt charts)

what modern practices were influenced by early scientific management

lean manufacturing and waste reduction

what did henri fayol contribute to management

the 14 principles of management and management process

what did max weber introduce to management

bureaucratic management with formal rules and hierarchies

what are examples of weber’s bureaucratic ideas

line of authority, formal hiring, and equitable treatment

what is the focus of administrative management

managing the organization as a whole through structures and ruleswh

what did human relations management emphasize

the important of employees social and emotional needs

what did hawthorne studies reveal

employee engagement improves productivity

what was the result of early unionization effects

improved bargaining power for works pay and conditions

who developed the theory that shared power is more effective than authority

mary parker follet

what did the national labor relations act support

workers rights to unionize and collectively bargain

what workspace theory did maslow influence

the idea that self actualization motivates employees

what is herbert simons theory of bounded ratiionality

managers cant process all information to make perfect decisions

what new academic fields emerged from human relations studies

organizational theory and organization behavior

what does the tension between scientific and human relations views represent

the balance between efficiency and employee well being

what do todays managers combine

scientific management and human relations approachesh

how did management practices evolve over time?

They adapted to changing business, social, and political pressures

what is the goal of modern management practices 

to balance organizational success with stakeholder

which two facets shaped early management priorities?

economic and technological facetsw

which two facets emphasized employee welfare and social values`

social and political facets

what kind of management balances all four facets effectively 

collaborative management