Pharmacology Study Guide: Antimicrobials and Antitubercular Drugs

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to pharmacology, specifically focusing on antimicrobial and antitubercular drugs as discussed in the lecture.

Fluoroquinolones

A class of antibiotics that disrupt DNA-RNA synthesis.

Ciprofloxacin

An example of a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.

Levofloxacin

Another example of a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.

Gram positive & Gram negative

Refers to the types of bacteria that fluoroquinolones can treat.

Candidiasis

A fungal infection commonly referred to as a yeast infection.

Clostridium Difficile

A bacterium that causes severe diarrhea.

SJS (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome)

A rare, serious allergic reaction causing blisters and peeling skin.

TEN (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis)

A severe skin reaction that can be fatal.

Bacteriostatic

Antibiotics that inhibit bacterial growth.

Bactericidal

Antibiotics that kill bacteria.

Adverse reactions of Fluoroquinolones

Nausea, diarrhea, headaches, dizziness, tendon rupture.

Nursing Alert - Fluoroquinolones

Use cautiously in clients with kidney disease, seizure disorders, and older adults.

Implementation Notes - Patient Teaching

Advise to report tendon pain, avoid sun exposure, and finish medications.

Initial Phase of Antitubercular Treatment

First 2 months focused on killing bacteria quickly.

Continuing Phase of Antitubercular Treatment

Next 4-7 months focused on killing remaining bacteria.

Isoniazid (INH)

An antitubercular drug used for treatment and prophylaxis of tuberculosis.

Bifampin

A primary drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis.

Pyrazinamide

A drug that can cause hepatotoxicity and requires monitoring of liver function.

Ethambutol

An antitubercular drug that may cause optic neuritis.

Rifampin

An antitubercular drug associated with liver disease monitoring.

DOT (Directly Observed Therapy)

A strategy used for supervising tuberculosis treatment compliance.