Delhi sultanate

Delhi Sultanate

A medieval Islamic state in India that lasted from 1206 to 1526, established by Mohammad Ghori after defeating Prithviraj Chauhan.

Qutb-ud-Din Aibak

The founder of the Delhi Sultanate, who ruled from 1206 to 1210 and started the construction of the Qutab Minar.

Slave Dynasty

The first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, ruling from 1206 to 1290, known for its establishment by former slaves.

Razia Sultan

The first and only female ruler of the Delhi Sultanate who ruled briefly from 1236 to 1239.

Iltutmish

Shams-ud-Din Iltutmish was a ruler (1211-1236) known for making Delhi the capital and completing the Qutab Minar.

Khilji Dynasty

A dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate that ruled from 1290 to 1320, known for its expansion into southern India under Alauddin Khilji.

Alauddin Khilji

Ruler of the Khilji Dynasty (1296-1316) known for implementing major economic reforms and extending the empire.

Tughlaq Dynasty

Dynasty that ruled from 1320 to 1414, characterized by significant political and economic changes under rulers like Muhammad Bin Tughlaq.

Muhammad Bin Tughlaq

A sultan of the Tughlaq Dynasty (1325-1351) known for his ambitious but often failed reforms.

Jizya Tax

A taxation imposed on non-Muslims in Islamic states, implemented by several Delhi Sultanate rulers.

Iqta System

An administrative system used during the reign of Iltutmish where land was granted to military leaders in return for service.

Indo-Islamic Architecture

A style of architecture that emerged under the Delhi Sultanate, characterized by the incorporation of Islamic and Indian elements.

Diwan-i-Qaza

The department of judiciary in the Delhi Sultanate, headed by a Qazi.

Kharaj Tax

A land tax imposed on agricultural produce during the Delhi Sultanate.

Qutab Minar

A UNESCO World Heritage site in Delhi, this monumental minaret was started by Qutb-ud-Din Aibak and completed by Iltutmish.

Mughal Empire

A major empire in the Indian subcontinent that lasted from the early 16th to the 19th century, founded by Babur.

Babur

The founder of the Mughal Empire, a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan, who reigned from 1526 to 1530.

Akbar the Great

The third Mughal emperor, known for his policy of religious tolerance and administrative reforms, reigning from 1556 to 1605.

Shah Jahan

The fifth Mughal emperor, famous for commissioning the Taj Mahal, ruling from 1628 to 1658.

Taj Mahal

A UNESCO World Heritage site in Agra, built as a mausoleum for Mumtaz Mahal by Emperor Shah Jahan.

Aurangzeb

The sixth Mughal emperor who expanded the empire to its greatest territorial extent but faced significant resistance, ruling from 1658 to 1707.

Sikhism

A religion founded in the Punjab region of India in the 15th century, emphasizing monotheism and equality, which emerged during the Mughal period.

Jahangir

The fourth Mughal emperor, known for his love of art and nature, ruling from 1605 to 1627.

Zamindar System

A land revenue system where local landlords (zamindars) collected taxes from peasants on behalf of the Mughal state.

Indigo Rebellion

A peasant movement in Bengal against the oppressive practices of indigo planters during the late 19th century, notably affecting British colonial rule.