AP Human Geography - Population and Migration Patterns and Processes

Unit 2 (12%-17%)

Four Main Population Regions 2.1

2/3 of the world’s population is in South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, & Europe

Density vs. Distribution 2.1

Amount of people in an area vs. Spread of people in an area

Types of Densities 2.1

-Arithmetic

-Physiological

-Agricultural

Arithmetic Density 2.1

Total Population/Total Amount of Land

Physiological Density 2.1

Total Population/Total Amount of Arable Land (shows how much land is needed to support population)

Agricultural Density 2.1

Total Amount of Farmers/Total Amount of Arable Land (shows how efficient a society is at producing food, higher agricultural density = less technology being used)

Urban Sprawl 2.2

The spread of urban development from an urban area into undeveloped land near a city

Carrying Capacity 2.2

The amount of people that can be supported by the environment without harming the environment

Dependency Ratio 2.3

Measures amount of people not in the workforce over the amount of people in the workforce

(Number of children 0-14 + Number of Adults 65+)/(Working Age Population) x 100

Child Dependency Ratio 2.3

Useful for measuring too young to work vs. is working

Gives insight into how much support young need (lower means less support)

(Number of children 0-14)/(Number of adults 15-65)x100

Elderly Dependency Ratio 2.3

Useful for measuring too old to work vs. is working
Gives insight into how much support elderly need (lower means less support)

(Number of elderly 65+)/(Number of adults 15-65)x100

Crude Birth Rate 2.4

Total number of live births per every 1,000 people alive in a society

Crude Death Rate 2.4

Total number of deaths per every 1,000 people alive in a society

Total Fertility Rate 2.4

The average amount of children a woman will have

Infant Mortality Rate 2.4

The total number of deaths under one year of age in a year for every 1,000 live births

Natural Increase Rate 2.4

The percentage by which a population grows in a year

NIR = CBR - CDR

3 Sectors 2.4

Primary

Secondary

Tertiary

Primary Sector 2.4

Activities that extract natural resources from the Earth

ex. farmer

Secondary Sector 2.4

Activities that take raw resources to produce/manufacture products of greater value

ex. construction worker

Tertiary Sector 2.4

Activities that provide a service for other individuals

ex. lawyer

Pro-Natalist Policies vs. Anti-Natalist Policies 2.4

Policies created to increase birth rates vs. policies created to decrease birth rates