Cognitive Dissonance - Cognitive Biases

Cognitive Dissonance

Refers to a situation involving conflicting attitudes beliefs or behaviours.

Cognitive Bias

Subconscious error in thinking that leads you to misinterpret information from the world around you.

Anchoring Bias

Tendency to rely heavily on the very first piece of information received when making a decision and not modify it when new information is presented.

Attentional Bias

Tendency to prioritise attention to certain information (or stimuli) over other information

Confirmation Bias

Tendency to seek, recall or interpret information in a way that cofirms existing beliefs or expectations, while dismissing contradictory evidence.

False-consensus bias

Tendency to overestimate the extent to which other people are like them in terms of sharing beliefs, personal charcteristics or behaviours.

Hindsight Bias

The tendency to look back at an event that we could not predict at the time and think the outcome was easily predictable.

Misinformation Effect

The tendency for information aquired after an event to influence the accuracy of the memory of the original event.

Optimism Bias

The tendency to overestimate the likelihood of experiencing positive events and underestimate the likelihood of experiencing negative events in the future.

Dunning-Kruger Effect

People overestimate their knowledge or ablility, particularly in areas with which they have little to no knowledge or experience.