The Concept of Moles in Chemistry

These flashcards cover fundamental vocabulary and concepts related to the mole and its importance in chemistry, focusing on definitions and relationships crucial for understanding calculations involving moles.

Mole (mol)

A unit of measurement in chemistry that represents 6.022 × 10²³ elementary entities (atoms, molecules, ions).

Avogadro's Constant

The number of units in one mole of any substance, approximately 6.022 × 10²³.

Relative Atomic Mass (Ar)

The average mass of an element's atoms, considering isotopes, expressed relative to 1/12th of a carbon-12 atom.

Relative Molecular Mass (Mr)

The average mass of one molecule of a substance compared to 1/12th of the mass of one atom of carbon-12.

Molar Mass (M)

The mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).

Atomic Mass Unit (amu)

A unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights, defined as 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

Concentration (C)

The quantity of solute (in moles) per unit volume of solution, typically expressed in mol/dm³.

Mass Concentration (ρ)

The mass of solute (in grams) dissolved in one cubic decimetre of solution.

Standard Solution

A solution whose concentration is accurately known, used for titrations and other quantitative analyses.

Primary Standard

A highly pure substance used to prepare a standard solution due to its stability and ease of use in titrations.