A & P exam 2: gonads

ovaries and testes

gonads

pelvis, on either side of uterus

ovaries found in

outside of egg, make food and hormones

follicle cells

estrogens, progesterone, androgens, relaxin, inhibin

steroid hormones of the gonads

uterus/breasts, subcutaneous fat, ducts in breast, bone growth plate sealing, some bone density

ovaries: estrogen plays roles in

increases secretion by uterus (food), make mammary glands, prevent uterus contraction

ovaries: progesterone functions

sex drive (libido), start eggs maturing

ovaries: androgen functions

made in late pregnancy; softens pelvis joints

ovaries: relaxin function

prevents too much fsh from anterior pituitary, decreases risk for multiple births

ovaries: inhibin function

ovary follicle

ovaries

scrotum

testicles found in

outside/below pelvis

testes found

inhibin, estrogen, androgens

hormones of the testes

controls FSH release

testes: inhibin function

encourages baby sperm mitosis, food creation by support cells, breast tissue growth

testes: estrogen function

increase size of penis and testicles, body/face hair, mature sperm formation, sex drive, increased muscle and bone density

testes: androgens function

estrogen and progesterone, HCG, HCS

hormones of the placenta

3 mo. --> birth

placenta: estrogen and progesterone seen from

5/6 days --> 3 mo

placenta: HCG seen from

goes to ovaries and tells them to keep making progesterone (placenta takes over after 3mo)

HCG function

prepares breasts for lactation, makes mother's body insulin resistant

HCS function

gestational diabetes: 1. risk of huge baby. 2. risk of atherosclerosis. 3. high sugar milk for baby

risks of insulin resistance in pregnancy

testes