Embryology

Fertilization ability of the spermatozoon is preserved for 24-30 hours.
a. yes
b. no

a. yes

Two veins and one artery are present in the umbilical cord of the newborn baby.
a. yes
b. no

b. no

The yolk sack (sacculus vitellinus) takes part in the formation of the embryo discus.
a. yes
b. no

a. yes

Amnion is not involved in the formation of the embryo discus.
a. yes
b. no

b. no

The cells obtained as result of segmentation are called blastomers.
a. yes
b. no

b. no
theyre called blastocysts

The trophoblast related structures are associated with the implantation and nutrition of the embryo.
a. yes
b. no

a. yes

The smooth chorion (chorion leve) takes part in the formation of the fetal sack.
a. yes
b. no

a. yes

The embryoblast cells situated on the floor of the amnion differentiate into the ectoderma
a. yes
b. no

a. yes

The chorion frondosum participates in the formation of the placenta.
a. yes
b. no

a. yes

Linea primitiva (the primitive line) is a temporary structure related to the organization of the mesoderma.
a. yes
b. no

a. yes

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The sperm volume normally is:
a/ 2 - 6 ml
b/ 6 - 8 ml
c/ 8 - 10 ml
d/ 10 - 12 ml

a. 2-6 ml

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The II type oocyte has a fertilization ability during:
a/ 6-12 hours
b/ 12-24 hours
c/ 24-36 hours
d/ 36-72 hours

a. 6-12 hours

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The spermatozoa number in 1cm3 sperm is:
a/ 10 - 30 x10^6 / cm3
b/ 400-500 x10^2 / cm3
c/ 40 -120 x10^6 / cm3
d/ 130 -160 x10^6 / cm3

c/ 40 -120 x10^6 / cm3

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The minimum part of mobile spermatozoa in the sperm necessary for fertilization is above: a/ 10%
b/ 20%
c/ 30%
d/ 50%

d/ 50%

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The process of transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa is called:
a/ spermation
b/ spermiogenesis
c/ capacitation
d/ acrosomal reaction

b/ spermiogenesis

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The trophoblast is part of:
a/ embryoblast
b/ blastocysta
c/ magma reticularis
d/ amnion cavity

b/ blastocysta

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The consecutive stages in the embryogenesis are:
a/ morulla-blastocysta -organogenesis -gastrulation
b/ morulla-blastocysta -gastrulation -organogenesis
c/ blastocysta-morulla -gastrulation -organogenesis
d/ organogenesis-morulla -gastrulation -blastocysta

b/ morulla-blastocysta -gastrulation -organogenesis

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The somites derive from:
a/ mesoblast
b/ endoblast
c/ ectoblast
d/ mesenchyme

a/ mesoblast

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The dermatomes form:
a/ skin epithelium
b/ skin connective tissue
c/ skeletal muscles
d/ embryo's skeleton

b/ skin connective tissue

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The segmentation by human embryo is:
a/ the formation of many small holes in the acrosome
b/ penetration of spermatozoon through corona radiata of the oocyte
c/ penetration of spermatozoon through zona pellucida of the oocyte
d/ series of mitosis in the zygote during its movement trough the oviduct

d/ series of mitosis in the zygote during its movement trough the oviduct

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
Which element is not included in the placental barrier:
a/ cytotrophoblast
b/ syncytial trophoblast
c/ capillaries of the placental villae
d/ capillaries of the uterus wall

d/ capillaries of the uterus wall

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The implantation starts:
a/ on the first day after the fertilization
b/ 6-7 days after the fertilization
c/ 10 days after the fertilization
d/ 15 days after the fertilization

b/ 6-7 days after the fertilization

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The fertilization is completed in:
a/ uterus cavity
b/ oviduct cavity
c/ abdomen
d/ ovary

b/ oviduct cavity

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
What type of function is the oocyte cortical reaction:
a/ trophic
b/ receptor
c/ barrier
d/ phagocytic

c/ barrier

MULTIPLE CHOICE - ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The umbilical cord of the newborn baby consists of:
a/ two arteries and two veins
b/ two arteries and one vein
c/ two veins and one artery
d/ one artery and one vein

b/ two arteries and one vein

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
Which of the following is typical for monozygotic twins:
a/ they don't look alike
b/ they look alike
c/ they can be of a different gender
d/ they are always the same gender
e/ there are no differences in their immunological characteristics

b
d
e

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The somites (epimer of the mesoblast) form:
a/ dermatomes
b/ sklerotomes
c/ myotomes
d/ nephrotomes
e/ hypomer

a
b
c

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
From the mesenchyme derivates:
a/ cardiac muscle tissue
b/ smooth muscle tissue
c/ skeletal muscle tissue
d/ blood tissue
e/ microglia

b
d
e

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
From the ectoblast derivates:
a/ nervous tissue
b/ blood tissue
c/ skin epithelium (epidermis)
d/ epithelium of the oral cavity
e/ smooth muscle tissue

a
c
d

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The fetal sack wall consists of:
a/ amnion
b/ smooth chorion (chorion laeve)
c/ placental villae
d/ covering decidua (decidua capsularis)
e/ basal decidua (deciduas basalis)

a
b
d

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The placental barrier after the third month of embryogenesis consists of:
a/ syncytial trophoblast
b/ cytotrophoblast
c/ epithelium of the placental capillaries
d/ mesenchyme of the placental villa
e/ epithelium of the uterus capillaries

a
c
d

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The maternal part of the placenta consists of:
a/ cotyledones
b/ loose connective tissue slips (septae)
c/ blood lacunae
d/ amnion
e/ chorionic plate

a
b
c

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
The fetal part of the placenta consists of:
a/ loose connective tissue slips (septae)
b/ blood lacunae
c/ chorion frondosum
d/ amnion onleets stocuin istara
e/ cotyledones

b
d

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
Which of the following are specific for the acrosomal reaction:
a/ releasing of the acrosomal enzymes
b/ facilitates the penetration of spermatozoon through zona pellucida of the oocyte
c/ type of endocytosis
d/ completed after the spermatozoon receptor binding to zona pellucida
e/ completed after the fertilization

a
b
d

MULTIPLE CHOICE - MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER
Which of the following are specific for the cortical reaction is:
a/ completed in corona radiata
b/ associated with releasing of the acrosomal enzymes
c/ associated with releasing of the proteolytic enzymes under the oocyte plasmalemma
d/ associated with destroying of the spermatozoon receptors in zona pellucida
e/ blocks the passing of more than one spermatozoon into the oocyte

c
d
e

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
the parts of the mesoblast are:
a.
b.
c.

a. epimer
b. mesomer
c. hypomer

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
what are the structures that derive from somites of the mesoblast
a.
b.
c.

a. dermatomes
b. sclerotomes
c. myotomes

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
the placental barrier after the third month consists of:
a.
b.
c.

a. syncytial trophoblast
b. mesenchyme of the placental villa
c. epithelium of the placental capillaries

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
The placental barrier before the third month consists of:
a.
b.
c.
d.

a/ cytotrophoblast
b/ syncytial trophoblast
c/ mesenchyme of the placental villa
d/epithelium of the placental capillaries

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
specific for segmentation by the human embryo is:
a.
b.
c.

a. totally
b. asynchronous
c. unequal

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
the formation of the chorda dorsalis passes through the following stages:
a.
b.
c.

a. chordal channel
b. chordal plate
c. definitive chorda

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
the umbilical cord of the newborn baby is built from:
a.
b.
c.

a. 2 arteries and 1 vein
b. mucoid tissue
c. amnion

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
chorion types are:
a.
b.

a. chorion leave
b. chorion frondosum

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
trophoblast types are:
a.
b.

a. cytotrophoblast
b. syncytial trophoblast

DEFINE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ANSWERS
the process of the formation of the nervous system passes through the following stages:
a.
b.
c.

a. neural plate
b. neural groove
c. neural tube

GIVE THE CORRECT ANSWER
determine the localisation of the structure to its stage of development:
a. zygote
b. blastocysta (day 6-7)
c. blastocysta (day 9)

a. in the oviduct
b. free in the uterus cavity
c. in the endometrium

GIVE THE CORRECT ANSWER
associate the parts of the mesoblast with the corresponding derivatives:
a. epimer
b. mesomer
c. hypomer

1. dermatomes
2. sklerotomes
3. myotomes
4. somatopleura
5. nephrotomes
6. splanchnopleura

a. 1, 2, 3
b. 5
c. 6, 4

GIVE THE CORRECT ANSWER
Under the light microscope - (H- E staining), part of ex- traembryonal organ that consists of amnion, smooth chorion (chorion leve) and covering decidua (decidua capsularis) appears.
What is this organ?

foetal sack

GIVE THE CORRECT ANSWER
Under the light microscope (H- E staining) part of ex- traembryonal organ consisting of different in shape and size structures that are covered by syncytiotrophoblast, filled with mesenchyme and blood vessels appears. What is this organ?

placental villae (placenta)

GIVE THE CORRECT ANSWER
Under the light microscope -H- E staining part of extraem- bryonal organ that is covered by amnion and contains three blood vessels and mucoid tissue between them appears. What is this organ?

umbilical cord after 3rd month