ITEC 325 - Systems Administration & Maintenance Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key concepts, terms, and definitions related to TCP/IP networking, IP addressing, subnetting, and related protocols.

What is a protocol in networking?

Rules and formats enabling systems to exchange data.

What is a protocol suite?

A collection of several protocols used for networking designed to work together.

What are the four layers of the TCP/IP model?

Link/Network Interface Layer, Network Layer, Transport Layer, Application Layer.

What does the Link/Network Interface Layer do?

Puts frames on the physical network and communicates on the local network.

What is the primary function of the Network Layer?

Provides packet addressing and routing with best-effort delivery.

How does TCP ensure packet delivery compared to UDP?

TCP guarantees orderly packet transmission and provides reliability with acknowledgment messages.

What is a well-known port?

A unique ID for a service using TCP or UDP for transport, assigned by IANA.

What are the two versions of IP?

IPv4 and IPv6.

What does a subnet mask do?

Separates the network ID from the host ID in an IP address.

What is the range of Class A private IP addresses?

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255.

What mechanism does NAT provide for private IP addresses?

Converts internal private IP addresses to a valid public address.

What is the purpose of DHCP?

To automatically allocate IP addresses to clients on a network.

What does FQDN signify in DNS?

Fully Qualified Domain Name that shows the hierarchy of a domain.

What are the two types of DNS servers?

Authoritative name servers and recursive resolvers.

What is the main benefit of IPv6 over IPv4?

IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses, massively increasing the address pool.

What does VPN stand for and what is its purpose?

Virtual Private Network; it connects two private networks over a public network.

What are the four parameters required for host IP configuration?

IPv4 address, subnet mask, default gateway, and client DNS.

What is the purpose of APIPA?

It's a fallback mechanism for DHCP clients if the DHCP server is unavailable.

How are static IP addresses configured?

Manually by an administrator and updated manually if the host changes subnet.