Kashrut Quiz

Baal Haturim

Rabbi Yaakov B Asher

Baal Haturim wrote what seifer

The Tur

Who is Baal Haturim/Rabbi Yaakov B Asher the son of?

He is the son of the Rosh

What are the Four Columns that the Baal Haturim made?

**Orach Chaim**; **Yoreh Deah**, **Even HaEzer**, **Choshen Mishpat**

Why did the Baal haturim make these four columns?

He had to organize and summarize all the opinions of the Geonim and Rishonim/smaller topics than in the mishneh torah

Who did the Baal Haturim rule like?

He ruled like his father because Halacha Kibasrai

Noesi Keilim on?

The __**Tur**__

When was Baal Haturim and when did he die? Century?

1269-1343/first half go 14th century

Rav Yosef Karo born and died?

1488-1575

Where was he born and where did he live?

Born in Spain and settled in Tzfat

What did Rav Yosef Karo become a member of?

The Bais Din

What role did Yosef Karo later take on?

The leadership of Bais Din

What was Rav Yosef Karo problem with?

He believed there were too “many Toros” causing a lot of confusion because of all the materials and opinions

What did Rav Yosef Karo follow and do in order to help?

He followed the order of the Tur and He summarizes all the halachic material available at that time

Rules of the Psak Bais Yosef?

**Rule #1**: If discussed by Rif, Rambam, Rosh - then follow majority

**Rule #2**: 5 additional posekim considered: **Ramban, Rashba, Ran, Mordechai, Semag(second weight of tier)**

**Rule #3**: majority of the **“mefursamim”- if not given a consensus**

What was the Bais Yosef referred to?

The Hibbur HaGadol

How long was the Bais Yosef taken to write and edited?

20 years to write and editing another 12(was finished in 1542)

Shulchan Aruch book was?

The conclusions that come from the Bees Yosef

When was the Shulchan Aruch finished?

1563- were all printed in Venice and Cairo in 1565

What did the Shulchan Aruch give titles to?

He gave titles to each Siman

Rama

Rav Moshe Isserles

Rama lived from when to when?

1530-1572

What seifer did the Rama make?

He made the Darkei Moshe which complied and summarized all the halachic material until his time- the Bais Yosef arrived - then continued b/c the Bais Yosef had left out opinions of the Ashkenazi Posekim, and he did not agree with his rules of Pesak.

The abridged version of the long Darchei Moshe is in the?

In the __**Tur**__

What does the Rama create on the Shulchan Aruch?

Added notes and spread them like cloth __**Mappah**__ on the table of the Shulchan Aruch

Who does Rama give more weight to?

He gives **greater weight to Tosafos and other German and French posekim -** cites many rulings from **posekim who lives a short time before himself**.

What does the Rama emphasize the importance of?

Minhag-defers to the authority of earlier posekim (lichatchila) b/c of kavod for them.

How did the Mappah and Haga help the Shulchan Aruch become greater authority?

The Haga has brought the Shulchan Aruch closer to acceptance as final authority as it offers alternative pesak for those who follow the Ashkenazi posekim. It could now be used by all jews.

**דרישה ופרישה- who wrote and dates?**

Rav Yehoshua Falk- 1555-1614

בית חדש = **ב"ח- who wrote and dates?**

**Rav Yoel Sirkes- 1561-1640** 

Acceptance of Shulchan Aruch- different purposes for the commentaries?

**a)** source references; **b)** explanation of Shulchan Aruch; **c)** noting differing opinions, and citing supplementary Halachos not mentioned in the Shulchan Aruch; **d)** collations of Teshuvos that relate to the Halachos in the Shulchan Aruch

18th century tradition?

tradition that 200 Posekim of the generation of R. Yosef Karo had

accepted his rulings as decisive

Who guided the rulings of the Shulchan Aruch?

Ruach HaKodesh guided the rulings of the Shulchan Aruch

לבוש- Levush-dates of life

Rabbi Mordechai Yoffe- 1530-1612

Who was לבוש?

Student of the Rama

What did the לבוש write? When?

Summary and elaboration of the Shulchan Aruch/Rama in 1590

Where can לבוש commentary not be found?

Printed on the page of the Shulchan Aruch

Be’er HaGolah name and dates?

Rav Moshe Rivkes-1600-1680

טורי זהב full name and dates?

Raabu David HaLevi/1586-1667

Who was טורי זהב married to?

He was married to the daughter of the ב"ח

What did the ט"ז – טורי זהב comment on? When published?

On the Yoreh Deah/published in 1646

On the Orach Chaim/published in 1692-together with Magen Avrhaham

Also wrote on Even Haezer and Choshen Mishpat

שפתי כהן **–** ש"ך full name and dates?

R. Shabtai Rappaport/1621-1662

שפתי כהן **–** ש"ך commented on what and publishing dates?

Commented on Yoreh Deah published in 1646

Commented on Choshen Mishpat

and 2 of his commentaries were printed together and published in 1677

What age did the שפתי כהן **–** ש"ך complete his Perush on Y.D?

At age 24

Who did people mainly follow regarding the Shach and the Taz?

At first, Taz seen as elder Gadol (when Shach published Perush on Y.D. at age 24, the Taz is 60 yrs. old.) Over time, the Shach is seen as the preeminent commentary. Despite the decision of Va'ad Arba Aratzot (the council of the four countries) that where the two disagree, the halakhah follows the Taz, it is customary today to follow the ruling of the Shach in most cases.

**Vilna Gaon - Bi’ur HaGra- full name and dates?**

Rav Eliyahu of Vilna- 1720-1797

Vilna Gaon made what?

his own manuscript - **brief** notes identifying the sources for the Halacha - often finding new sources, or Talmudic source for a post-Talmudic pesak.

How did Vilna Goan connect the commentaries to earlier sources?

He strengthens the connection of Shulchan Aruch to earlier sources

פרי מגדים- full name and dates?

R. Yoseph Teomim- 1727-1792

What did the פרי מגדים comment on?

He commented on Orach Chaim and Yoreh Deah which is structures as elaborations on the two main נושא כלים

He also commented on Yoreh Deah and made a commentary on the Taz and Shach published in 1771

**רבי עקיבא איגר- full name and dates**

Rabbi Akiva Eiger **1761-1837**.

**פתחי תשובה**

R. Abraham Zvi Hirsh Eisenstadt – **1813-1868**.

What did the פתחי תשובה comment on and when was it printed?

* Compendium of Teshuvos on Yoreh Deah, Even Haezer, Choshen Mishpat 180 already written on Orach Chaim). Cites from approximately שערי תשובה( works.
* First printed in **1836**
* Also wrote Nachalas Zvi on the Shulchan Aruch.

**חכמת אדם**

**R. Avraham Danziger 1748-1820.**

**What did the חכמת אדם make a commentary of? and when did it publish for both?**

Summary of the Halacha

חיי אדם – summary of Orach Chaim – 1810

**1816** – חכמת אדם

שלחן ערוך הרב- full name and dates

**R. Shneur Zalman of Liadi-1745-1813**

ערוך השולחן

**Rabbi Yechiel Michel Epstein** – **1829-1908.**

קיצור שלחן ערוך

**1804-1884** - **R. Shlomo Ganzfried**

Who was the ערוך השולחן married to?

Married the Netziv’s sister

Who was the ערוך השולחן considered to be the Rav of?

Rav of Novardak

What book did Aruch Hashulchan write? Dates?

Aruch Hashulchan written from 1870-1901

Was Aruch Hashulchan considered to be a great Rav?

yes he carried a lot of weight amongst poskim

Ben Ish Chai

Rabbi Joseph Chaim of Baghdad - 1835-1909

Ben Ish Chai wrote about what?

* wrote many works, about both Halachah and Kabbalah

Where was Ben Ish Chai from?

Baghdad

Who was Ben Ish Chai very popular amongst?

a brief summary of practical halachah (comparable to the Kitzur

Shulchan Aruch popular amongst Ashkenazim) and remains popular amongst Sephardim

דרכי תשובה

**1850-1913- R. Tzvi Hirsch Shapira** 

Who was דרכי תשובה the father of?

Father of the **מנחת אלעזר** of Munkatch (R. Chaim Elazar Shapira)

What safarim did דרכי תשובה use? What did he have commentary on?

used Very large number of sefarim – like expanded **פתחי תשובה**

Yoreh Deah

דרכי תשובה provided own views on?

Chiddushim

כף החיים

**Yaakov Chaim Sofer-1939–1870**

Who was כף החיים

A sephardic Posek written in Yerushlayim

**Chazon Ish**

**R. Avraham Yeshaya Karelitz (1878-1953)**

What did the Chazon Ish first appear in?

First volume of Chazon Ish appeared in 1911

Where did the Chazon each move to and settle in? Dates?

1920 - moved to Vilna

1933 - settled in Bnei Brak.