IUPAC (w/ carboxylic acid derivatives and based on priority)

Acid chloride

Replace -oic acid with -oyl and adding halide name

Ex: Propanoyl fluoride

Anhydride

If it is simple anhydrides ( both sides have the same amount of C) then just name acid part and replace -acid with anhydride

Ex: ethanoic anhydride

If mixed, then you have to assign priority, and the highest priority is the first name

Ex: trifluoroethanoic propanoic anhydride

Esters and Cyclic esters (Lactones)

There are two parts to the name. The first part is the alkyl group from the alcohol. The second part is the part from the carboxylic acid. Replace -ic acid with -oate

Ex: methyl ethanoate

If you have a lactone, you add lactone at the end of the parent hydroxycarboxylic acid.

Ex: 4-hydroxybutanoic acid lactone

Amides and Cyclic amides (Lactams)

Replace -oic acid with -amide

Ex: ethanamide

For cyclic amides, you add the word lactam of amino acid chain (amino carboxylic acid)

Ex: 4-aminobutanoic acid lactam

Nitriles

Keep the base alkane name but add -nitrile at the end

Ex: ethanenitrile