Lecture on Kingdom Animalia and Basic Animal Biology

These flashcards cover key concepts about the Animalia kingdom, animal classification, and basic biological principles.

What are the defining characteristics of Kingdom Animalia?

All animals are multicellular, heterotrophic, lack cell walls, and are capable of motion.

Do animals have cell walls?

No, animals do not have cell walls.

What type of reproduction do animals primarily use?

Animals are diplontic with a life cycle that includes sexual reproduction.

What do Hox genes regulate in animals?

Hox genes regulate the development of the body plan and the position and orientation of cells.

What is the basal group of animals?

The basal groups of animals are the cnidarians (comb jellies) and sponges.

How are animals categorized based on their tissue layers?

Animals can be categorized as either diploblastic (two layers of tissue) or triploblastic (three layers of tissue).

What is radial symmetry?

Radial symmetry is where body parts are arranged around a central axis, like a circle.

What is bilateral symmetry?

Bilateral symmetry is when there is only one plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves.

What is a coelom?

A coelom is the space between the intestinal tract and the outer body wall, providing flexibility for major organs.

What is the difference between protostomes and deuterostomes?

In protostomes, the mouth forms first; in deuterostomes, the anus forms first.

How many known species of life are there on Earth?

There are approximately 2 million known species on Earth.

Which of the animal phyla is the most diverse?

Phylum Arthropoda is the most diverse with about 1.2 million species.

What are some examples of organisms in the phylum Mollusca?

Examples include squids, snails, slugs, and clams.

What is a notochord?

A notochord is a hard rod along the dorsal side that may develop into the backbone.

What are the two main phases of photosynthesis?

The two main phases of photosynthesis are light reactions and the Calvin cycle.

What is the purpose of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll helps in capturing light energy needed for photosynthesis.