adv eng 2 final
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Last updated 4:38 AM on 12/20/22
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218 Terms
1
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What type of landmass is Italy
peninsula with seas on multiple sides
2
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What was good about Italy's geography
\-water provided greater trade opportunity
\-the alps mountains gave protection by land
\-the alps mountains gave protection by land
3
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What was a disadvantage of Italy's geography
they were vulnerable to sea attacks
4
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What was Rome built on
7 hills
5
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Who were the first settlers in central Italy and when did they settle
the Latins in 700 BC
6
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Who took control of Rome in the 600s BC and what did they do
Eturuscans and they blended their language and customs with locals
7
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Who were the 2 brothers that were said to have founded Rome
Remus and Romulus
8
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What was Remus and Romulus's background
they were orphans who were raised by a she-wolf
9
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How was Rome named
Remus and Romulus fought and Romulus won, so they named the city after him
10
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What did Rome adopt from Greece
religion and beliefs
11
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When did the Romans over throw the monarchy
509 BC
12
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What came from the Roman monarchy being over thrown
a republic that gave only male citizens suffrage
13
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What did the Roman senate do
controlled funds, the courts and foreign policy; could propose a temporary dictator and was made up of aristocratic people
14
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How were the magistrates elected
by the citizens
15
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What was the Roman consuls
2 chief executives that ran the government; had veto power over each other and were elected to one year terms
16
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What did Praetors do
commanded the army or ran the legal system
17
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What did Censors do
registered citizens
18
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What were assemblies
citizens that represented the public interest and they elected tribunes
19
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What were tribunes
people elected by the assemblies that had some power over the senate
20
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What was Rome afraid of (power wise)
putting too much power in the hands of one person
21
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Who were the patricians
elite, rich, and special who were landowners and controlled the government with inherited power
22
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Who were the plebeians
most common people who had few rights and fought in wars
23
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What did the plebeians fight for and what was the outcome
the fought for more rights and eventually were granted. they could hold government offices and laws were written down
24
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What was Roman armies made up of
units separating citizens from non-citizens
25
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Rome had conquered most of the Italian peninsula by when
200s BC
26
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Who were the Punic Wars between
Carthage and Rome
27
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During the first punic war, what did Rome steal from Carthage and why
they stole a ship so they could build a better navy sense Carthage had a strong navy
28
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Who won the first punic war and what was the reward
Rome won and gained Sicily
29
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What did Rome demand from Carthage after they won the first punic war
reparations
30
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What is a legion
citizen army unit
31
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What is an auxiliary
non-citizen army unit
32
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What is a decimation
1/10 of the army was killed
33
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What were auxiliary soldiers rewarded with and how long did they have to serve to get these
citizenship, money, and land when they served for 25 years
34
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Who is Hannibal
Carthaginian general that started the second punic war
35
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About what year did the second punic war begin
218 BC
36
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What did Hannibal bring in the beginning of the second punic war
infantry, cavalry, and elephants
37
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Where did Hannibal march at the beginning of the second punic war
the apls
38
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Rome's forces pushed back and surprised at what battle during the second punic war
Battle of Lake Trasimene
39
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What happened at the Battle of Cannae
Hannibal fakes retreats and traps Roman forces; Carthage ravages Roman countryside, but can't destroy the large cities. Rome manages to stay united
40
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Who is Scipio Afrianus
a Roman general who invades Carthage
41
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What is the Battle of Zama
Rome wins and Carthage is forced to pay again
42
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What was different about the third punic war
it was totally one sided
43
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What happened in the third punic war
Rome invades and destroys the city of Carthage
44
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What did Rome do to the city of Carthage after they won the third punic war
salts the ground so that no goods would grow
45
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What did Rome gain after winning the third punic war
Macedonia and parts of Greece
46
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What does trade do to the rich and the poor
grew the gap
47
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Who were equestrians
wealthy traders that were upper-middle class
48
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What year was the Battle of Zama
202 BC
49
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What year was the third punic war
149 BC
50
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Why were the farmers upset after the punic wars
they were soldiers and when they returned their property was destroyed
51
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Who is spartacus
a gladiator who led a unseccessful slave revolt
52
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When was the slave revolt
73 BC
53
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What was the outcome of the slave revolt
6000+ were crucified
54
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Why did the two brothers lead riots in 130s to 120s BC
wanted greater rights for lower class people
55
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What did the roits the brothers led show
violence could be used in politics
56
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What was the Rome Social War
Romes provinces in Italy wanted the rights of full citizens
57
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Who one the Rome Social War
Rome
58
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Who are Lucius Cornelius Sulla and Gaius Marius
former allies that seized control of Rome from each other and set the stage for the future which was ruled by one
59
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Who was Julius Caesar
popular Roman general in about 60 BC
60
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What is the first triumvirate
political alliance between Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus.
61
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Who helped Caesar become a consul in 59 BC
the first triumvirate
62
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What was the conquest of Gaul
Caesar brought Gaul under Roman rule over 10 years
63
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What did Pompey do to Caesar and why
ordered him home without his army because he was jealous of him
64
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How did Caesar declare war on Rome
He disobeyed Pompey and marched his army across the Rubicon
65
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Who won in the civil war between Pompey and Caesar
Caesar
66
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Who was declared dictator for life
Caesar
67
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When was the Ides of March
March 15, 44 BC
68
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What did Caesar expand but it lessened the power
the senate
69
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Who assassinated Caesar and why
conspirators in the senate and they feared his popularity, return to the monarchy, and power
70
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What is the second triumvirate
Octavian, Marc Antony, and Lepidus
71
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Who is Augustus
Caesar's grand nephew, Octavian, that is chosen as his heir
72
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What did Augustus do to the conspirators that killed Caesar
pushed them out of Rome and it caused a civil war
73
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Octavian and Antony divided Roman territory. Who declared war on who and what was the outcome at the Battle of Actium
Octavian declared war on Antony and Cleopatra and he won
74
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How did Cleopatra die
she killed herself with a poisonous snake called Asp
75
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What did Octavian refer to himself as and what does it mean
princeps which means first citizen
76
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The Senate declared Octavian Augustus, what does that mean
revered one
77
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Augustus is known as the first emperor and began a time known as what
Pax Romana which means Roman Peace
78
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How many years of peace did Augustus bring
200
79
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Who were the Julio-Claudian Emperors
emperors related to Julius Caesar who ruled between Augustus and Nero
80
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Who were the Five Good Emperors
series of emperors who rules over a period of nearly 100 years of Roman success and expansion
81
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Who is Nero
emperor who is associated with Great Fire of Rome, known for persecuting Christians and trying to blame the fire on them
82
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Who is Hadrian
emperor who expanded Rome into Britain and "Romanized" it and built a wall that still stands there
83
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The ancient name of Greece is
Hellas
84
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What does hellenistic mean
Greek-like
85
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What was one thing that was studied in the Hellenistic age
Geometry and Philosophy
86
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Hellenistic culture was a blend of
Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures
87
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True/False. The Romans ended the Hellenistic kingdoms
True
88
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What was Alexander's empire known for doing
Spreading Greek knowledge
89
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Hellenistic culture that emerged after Alexander's conquests is
A mix of Greek, Egyptian, Persian, annd Indian cultures
90
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Hellenistic, Altar of Zeus, Pergamom were all in 175 bc
True
91
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How is Hellenistic art different from Greek art
Hellenistic was more full body, more realistic and proportional. Showed movement and anatomically correct.
92
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Why is Alexander's society considered Hellenistic
Blended cultures
93
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What are traits of Hellenistic art
Emotional, relaxed, shows movement, realistic, proportional, idealized, and anatomically correct
94
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Hellenistic kings wanted their cities to look like..
Athens
95
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When did the Hellenistic age begin
300bc
96
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When did the Hellenistic age end
30bc
97
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What is a stoic
A person who believed that fate ruled our lives and divine reason directs the world. "divine spark" in us(soul or piece of God).
98
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Stoics taught that people shouldn't be focused on
earthly possessions
99
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What traits did the stoics value the most
Courge and Self-Control
100
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What did Epicurus teach was the entire goal of life.
Happiness, pleasure, and enjoyment
Note 
Flashcards (36)