Chapter 1 Review

What benefit does a water buffalo obtain from grass?

Nutrients

A group of cells that performs a specific function in an organism is called…

An organ

What is the smallest unit of life capable of carrying out all of life functions?

A cell

Populations of species living in the same place make up a…

Community

The community of organisms in an area plus its nonliving factors make up the…

Ecosystem

What term describes a group of organs working together to perform one purpose?

Organ system

Adaptations are features of organisms that allow them to…

Survive in a changing environment

The use of organisms to produce the things that people need is called…

Biotechnology

A species is a group of organisms in the same area that can…

Reproduce

Fuel, shelter, and paper are all derived from…

Trees

What is the main cause for 500,000 species vanishing before 2000?

Habitat destruction

The land, air, and water on earth that sustain life are known as the…

Biosphere

The changing of a caterpillar into a butterfly is a good example of…

Metamorphosis

If an organism does not respond to an environmental change by adapting or fleeing, it will most likely…

Die

An attempt to explain an event or set of observations is called a…

Hypothesis

Because scientists work together, the field of science is considered…

Collaborative

Uncertainty is a characteristic of so many scientific investigations, partly because science…

Is always changing

Scientists use their senses, as well as instruments such as microscopes to…

Observe

Carefully designed experiments are useful for testing…

Hypotheses

Any factor that can influence the outcome of an experiment is known as a…

Variable

An “If.. then…” statement is known as a…

Hypothesis

Normally, how many variables should be tested at a time in an experiment?

2

An experiment has two parts: an experimental setup and a…

Control

The total magnification of a microscope using the eyepiece and a 40x objective would be…

400x

What are studies that take place in an organism’s natural habitat?

Field study

Separating molecules according to shape, size, and charge is known as…

Electrophoresis

What is one technique for separating the components of a gas?

Chromatography

A machine that separates mixtures by spinning them is known as a…

Centrifuge

How are large amounts of a single type of cell grown in a lab?

Tissue culture

Who invented the simple microscope?

Anton von Leeuwenhoek

The spines of a cactus are examples of an…

Adaptation

The fossilized remains of plants form…

Coal

Migrating birds and a plant growing toward the sun are examples of…

Response

Solar, hydro, and… are energy sources that are renewable

Wind

Who used a cork/flask to prove the existence of spontaneous generation?

Needham

DNA fingerprinting is a form of…

Biotechnology

A microscopes objectives are located on the…

Nosepiece

The first step in the scientific method is to…

Make an observation

A… electric microscope is used to look inside of specimens

Transmission

When moving a… one should hold onto both the arm and foot

Microscope

A hypothesis is a… statement

Testable

Adaptation is a…

Change in structure

What study allows for complete control of an experiment except for nature?

Lab study

Spallinzani repeated Needham’s work but he…

Broke the neck of the flask

The cat and the mouse share a… relationship

Predator-prey

Hypothesis must be able to change with new techniques, tools, fresh ideas, and…

Challenges

Science can’t test questions about…

Ethics and morals

Before a theory is stated, all test results must be…

Replicated

Light microscopes usually have a maximum magnification of…

1500x

The resolution of an electron microscope is… better than a light microscope

1000x

What instrument is used to store, analyze, model, and communicate?

The computer

What factor is the most detrimental to lab studies?

Human error