Bonding, structure and the properties of matter

Which state of matter has a fixed shape and cannot be compressed?

Solid

Which state of matter takes the shape of its container and cannot be compressed?

Liquid

Which state of matter fills its container and can be compressed?

Gas

What type of solution forms when a substance dissolves in water?

An aqueous solution

Giant covalent molecules are______ at room temperature

Solid

Giant covalent molecules have____ melting and boiling points

High

Most giant covalent molecules have no charged particles that are free to move. Can they conduct electricity?

No

Are the bonds in giant covalent molecules strong or weak?

Strong

Are the atoms in giant covalent molecules arranged in a regular or irregular pattern?

Regular

Diamond is an example of a giant covalent structure. Each carbon atom is joined to ___ other carbon atoms

4

Can diamond conduct electricity?

No

Which giant covalent structure is formed in a regular tetrahedral network structure?

Diamond

Diamond has a ___ melting point

High

Graphite is an example of a giant covalent structure. Each carbon atom is joined to ___ other carbon atoms

3

Which giant covalent structure forms layers of hexagonal rings?

Graphite

True or false: there are no covalent bonds between layers of graphite

True

Can graphite conduct electricity?

Yes

Which giant covalent structure is used for making cutting tools such as glass cutters or oil rig drills?

Diamond

Which giant covalent structure is used to make electrodes in batteries and for electrolysis?

Graphite

Which giant covalent structure is used as a lubricant?

Graphite

What type of bonding uses a metal and a non-metal?

Ionic bonding

In ionic bonding, electrons are ____

Transferred

Which type of bonding uses only non-metals?

Covalent bonding

In covalent bonding, electrons are ____

Shared

A substance with small molecules has ____ covalent bonds

Strong

There are ____ _____ forces between small molecules and their neighbours

Weak intermolecular

Many substances with simple molecules have ____ melting and boiling points

Low

True or false: many substances with simple molecules are in liquid or gas state at room temperature

True

Melting or boiling: some forces of attraction are overcome and molecules can move over each other

Melting

Melting or boiling: more forces of attraction are overcome and molecules can move freely away from each other

Boiling

The sharing of ____ ____ leads to strong metallic bonding

Delocalised electrons

Why are metals good conductors of thermal energy?

Energy is transferred by their delocalised electrons

What two elements make up mild steel?

Carbon and iron

What two elements make up tool steel?

Tungsten and iron

What two elements make up stainless steel?

Chromium and iron

Which property of pure metals is caused by the fact that only a small force is needed for the layers to slide over each other? (Give answer as ‘pure metals are …’)

Pure metals are soft

In an alloy, the atoms are different sizes which distorts the layers of atoms in the pure metals. This means ____ force is needed for the layers to slide over each other

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