The Syllable

Phonetics and phonology difference; the syllable, etc

UTTERANCE

UTTERANCE

Unit of language in use, or, stretch of speech (long or short) that begins and ends with a clear pause

Phoneme

Mental representation of a sound

Allophone

Family of a phoneme and it is found in phonological environment

Phonetics (1)

Concerns with objective ways of describing analysing the range of sounds humans use in their languages.

Phonetics (2)

It’s general to all humans beings; contains a complete range of vowels and consonants humans make and perceive; physiological and physical activity

Phonology

Language-specific selection and organization of sounds; sound patterns of particular languages; linguistic and abstract aspect of language

Phonology (1)

It deals with what speakers and hearers need to know and children need to learn to be speakers of a given language

Phonological Knowledge

Speakers are not consciously aware of this; it is mostly intuitions. It is in the mind and it’s abstract

Rhythm

A relevant event happening at regular intervals of time

Foot

Unit of rhythm; it’s supposed to have the same length between one stressed syllable and the other

Speech sound

A consonant of vowel based on phonetic grounds (how much they obstruct the airflow) and phonological grounds (the different distributions)

Syllable (phonetically)

The way in which we produce it and the way in which it sounds; it has a centre which has little to no obstruction to airflow and that sounds relatively loud; before and after the centre with greater obstruction to airflow and less loud sound

Syllable (phonologically)

Possible combinations of a language (phonotactics)

Onset

Obstruction to the airflow (usually associated with consonants)

Peak

Little to no obstruction to the airflow (usually associated with vowels)

Coda

Obstruction to the airflow

RHYME

It’s the result of the peak + coda

Sonority hierarchy

It represents the relative sonority of various classes of sounds

Consonant clusters

Concerns two or more consonants that go together

Phonotactics

Branch of phonology that studies the way phonemes are combined into syllable in specific languages