PSYA02: Introduction to Clinical, Developmental, Social, and Personality Psychology - Treatment of Psychological Disorders

A collection of vocabulary flashcards based on the key concepts from the treatment of psychological disorders.

Psychiatrist

A medical doctor who can diagnose, prescribe, and practice psychotherapy.

Psychologist

A professional who can diagnose and practice psychotherapy.

Clinical Counsellor

A professional who can practice psychotherapy.

Social Worker

A professional who can practice psychotherapy.

Psychoanalysis

A therapeutic approach that focuses on gaining insight into unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences.

Humanistic Therapy

A type of therapy that emphasizes personal growth and the individual's capacity for self-actualization.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A therapy that combines behavioral and cognitive techniques to change unhealthy thought patterns and behaviors.

Operant Conditioning

A learning principle where behaviors are influenced by rewards or punishments.

Exposure Therapy

A method in behavioral therapy that involves repeated exposure to a feared stimulus to reduce anxiety.

Anti-Psychotic Medication

Medications that block dopamine receptors and are used to treat symptoms of schizophrenia.

Anti-Anxiety Medication

Medications that enhance GABA activity and are used to relieve anxiety.

Anti-Depressant Medication

Medications that prevent the breakdown of serotonin and dopamine, commonly used to treat depression.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A biological treatment that induces controlled seizures to alleviate severe depression.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

A non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain.

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)

A neurosurgical procedure involving implanted electrodes that stimulate specific brain areas.

Psychiatrist

A medical doctor who can diagnose, prescribe, and practice psychotherapy.

Psychologist

A professional who can diagnose and practice psychotherapy.

Clinical Counsellor

A professional who can practice psychotherapy.

Social Worker

A professional who can practice psychotherapy.

Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner

A registered nurse with advanced training who can prescribe medication and provide therapy

Why seek treatment for mental health issues?

To improve emotional well-being and alleviate symptoms of disorders.

What can therapy provide individuals with?

Effective tools and strategies to cope with difficult situations and stressors.

How does treatment encourage personal growth?

By promoting self-reflection and understanding of oneself.

What role does therapy play in providing emotional support?

It offers a safe space for individuals to express their feelings and thoughts without judgment.

How can therapy impact behaviors?

It assists in modifying unhealthy behaviors and thought patterns for healthier life choices

What is access to treatment in mental health?

Access to treatment refers to the ability of individuals to obtain mental health services when needed.

Why is access to treatment important?

It is essential for addressing mental health issues effectively and preventing deterioration of mental health conditions.

What factors can affect access to mental health treatment?

Factors include geographical location, cost, availability of services, and stigma associated with seeking help.

What can be done to improve access to mental health treatment?

Increasing funding for mental health services, reducing stigma, and expanding telehealth options can enhance accessibility.

How does lack of access to treatment affect individuals?

It can lead to worsening mental health symptoms, decreased quality of life, and increased risk of crises.

What is Psychoanalysis?

A therapeutic approach that focuses on gaining insight into unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences.

What is Humanistic Therapy?

A type of therapy that emphasizes personal growth and the individual's capacity for self-actualization.

What is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

A therapy that combines behavioral and cognitive techniques to change unhealthy thought patterns and behaviors.

What is Exposure Therapy?

A method in behavioral therapy that involves repeated exposure to a feared stimulus to reduce anxiety.

What role do medications play in psychological treatment?

Medications can help alleviate symptoms of mental health disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia

What is Psychodynamic Therapy?

A type of therapy that focuses on the influence of the unconscious mind and past experiences on current behavior and emotions.

What does Psychodynamic Therapy aim to achieve?

It aims to help individuals understand and resolve their inner conflicts rooted in childhood experiences.

How does the therapeutic relationship play a role in Psychodynamic Therapy?

The therapist-client relationship is explored for insights into relational patterns and emotional responses.

What kind of self-exploration does Psychodynamic Therapy encourage?

It encourages self-exploration and gaining insight into one's thoughts and emotions as they arise in therapy.

What is a core component of emotional processing in Psychodynamic Therapy?

The therapy aims to help individuals work through and process difficult emotions that affect their mental health.

What is Humanistic Therapy?

A type of therapy that emphasizes personal growth and the individual's capacity for self-actualization.

What are the key principles of Humanistic Therapy?

It focuses on the individual's subjective experience, self-discovery, and personal responsibility.

What role does the therapist play in Humanistic Therapy?

The therapist provides empathy, unconditional positive regard, and a non-judgmental environment to facilitate personal growth.

What is Existential Therapy?

A form of therapy that focuses on finding meaning in life and addressing existential concerns such as freedom, responsibility, and isolation.

How do Humanistic and Existential therapies differ?

While both emphasize personal growth and self-exploration, Humanistic Therapy focuses more on self-actualization, whereas Existential Therapy centers on the search for meaning in life

What is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

A therapy that combines behavioral and cognitive techniques to change unhealthy thought patterns and behaviors.

What is the primary goal of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy?

To identify and modify negative thought patterns that contribute to emotional distress and maladaptive behaviors.

How does CBT address anxiety disorders?

CBT involves techniques such as exposure therapy to confront fears and cognitive restructuring to challenge anxious thoughts.

What role do homework assignments play in CBT?

Homework assignments help individuals practice skills learned in therapy, reinforcing behavioral changes and cognitive shifts.

What is the importance of identifying cognitive distortions in CBT?

Identifying cognitive distortions helps individuals recognize and alter patterns of negative thinking that contribute to their mental health issues

What is Biological Treatment?

Biological treatment refers to therapies that use medication or medical procedures to treat mental health disorders.

What is Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)?

A biological treatment that induces controlled seizures to alleviate severe depression.

What is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)?

A non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain.

What is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)?

A neurosurgical procedure involving implanted electrodes that stimulate specific brain areas.

What role do medications play in biological treatments?

Medications can help alleviate symptoms of mental health disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia.

What is Pharmacological Treatment?

Pharmacological treatment refers to the use of medications to treat mental health disorders.

What are Anti-Psychotic Medications?

Medications that block dopamine receptors and are used to treat symptoms of schizophrenia.

What are Anti-Anxiety Medications?

Medications that enhance GABA activity and are used to relieve anxiety.

What are Anti-Depressant Medications?

Medications that prevent the breakdown of serotonin and dopamine, commonly used to treat depression.

What role do medications play in psychological treatment?

Medications can help alleviate symptoms of mental health disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia.

What are Anti-Psychotic Medications?

Medications that block dopamine receptors and are used to treat symptoms of schizophrenia.

What symptoms are Anti-Psychotic Medications used to treat?

They are primarily used to treat symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking associated with schizophrenia.

What are the two main types of Anti-Psychotic Medications?

They are classified into typical (first-generation) and atypical (second-generation) anti-psychotics.

What are some common side effects of Anti-Psychotic Medications?

Common side effects may include weight gain, drowsiness, dry mouth, and increased risk of metabolic syndrome.

How do Anti-Psychotic Medications affect dopamine?

They block dopamine receptors in the brain, which can help reduce the severity of psychotic symptoms.

What are Anti-Anxiety Medications?

Medications that enhance GABA activity and are used to relieve anxiety.

How do Anti-Anxiety Medications work?

They increase the effects of the neurotransmitter GABA, leading to a calming effect on the brain.

What are some common types of Anti-Anxiety Medications?

Common types include benzodiazepines (like Valium and Xanax) and non-benzodiazepines (like buspirone).

What conditions are Anti-Anxiety Medications used to treat?

They are typically used to treat anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and sometimes insomnia.

What are some side effects of Anti-Anxiety Medications?

Common side effects may include drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, and dependence with prolonged use

What are Anti-Depressant Medications?

Medications that prevent the breakdown of serotonin and dopamine, commonly used to treat depression.

How do Anti-Depressant Medications work?

They increase the levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which are associated with mood regulation.

What are the main types of Anti-Depressant Medications?

The main types include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and tricyclic antidepressants.

What conditions can Anti-Depressant Medications treat?

They are primarily used to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and sometimes chronic pain conditions.

What are some common side effects of Anti-Depressant Medications?

Common side effects may include nausea, weight gain, loss of libido, dry mouth, and insomnia

What are physiological interventions in mental health treatment?

Physiological interventions refer to medical approaches aimed at altering the biological processes contributing to mental health issues.

What is the role of medication in physiological interventions?

Medications can help modify neurotransmitter activity in the brain, thereby alleviating symptoms of mental health disorders.

What is the purpose of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)?

ECT is used to induce controlled seizures to alleviate severe depression, particularly when other treatments have failed.

What is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)?

TMS is a non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain to improve symptoms of depression.

How does lifestyle modification serve as a physiological intervention?

Lifestyle modifications, such as exercise, nutrition, and sleep hygiene, can significantly impact mental health by promoting overall well-being.

What are natural solutions for mental health?

Natural solutions refer to non-pharmaceutical approaches, often using herbs, supplements, or lifestyle changes to support mental health.

What is the role of herbal remedies in mental health?

Herbal remedies, such as St. John's Wort or Valerian root, are sometimes used for their potential calming effects or mood-enhancing properties.

What is mindfulness meditation?

Mindfulness meditation is a practice that encourages individuals to focus on the present moment, helping reduce stress and anxiety.

How can exercise serve as an alternative solution for mental health?

Regular exercise can boost mood, reduce anxiety, and improve overall mental well-being by releasing endorphins and enhancing neuroplasticity.

What dietary changes can support mental health?

Incorporating nutrient-rich foods, such as omega-3 fatty acids, fruits, and vegetables, can positively influence mood and cognitive function