Neuroscience Unit 1: Frontal Lobes

Left brained

more analytical and methodical

Right brained

more artistic and creative

balanced brain

equally analytical, methodical, artistic, and creative.

Erikson’s stage of infancy

trust vs mistrust

Erikson’s stage of toddlerhood

autonomy vs shame and self-doubt

Erikson’s stage of preschool age

initiative vs guilt

Erikson’s stage of elementary school age

competence vs inferiority

Erikson’s stage of adolescence

identity vs role confusion

Erikson’s stage of young adulthood

intimacy vs isolation

Erikson’s stage of middle adulthood

generativity vs stagnation

Erikson’s stage of late adulthood

integrity vs despair

Characteristics of Marya’s mania (Madness Reading)

high moods, irrational thinking, impulsive decisions, erratic, fast speech, spending large amounts of money

Characteristics of Marya’s depression (Madness Reading)

not being able to get out of bed, self-harm, suicide attempts, not taking care of herself.

What types of behaviors and treatments helped Marya to keep her bipolar disorder under control? (Madness Reading)

Medication, therapy, specific schedules, anxiety management techniques.

What are some activities or behaviors that you could adopt that change your general outlook?

anxiety management techniques (mediation, breathing exercises)

developing healthy coping mechanisms (journaling, therapy)

being able to healthily communicate feelings to others.

Category 1 reasoning

concrete reasoning, not isolating variables.

Category 2 reasoning

transitional reasoning, isolating the relevant variable but not excluding the irrelevant ones.

Category 3 reasoning

formal reasoning, both isolating the correct variable and excluding the others.

what is cognitive dissonance?

our behaviors and our beliefs don’t match up and this can cause strain on us mentally.

Internal/External dimensions (attributions)

does the reason reflect more about you or the circumstances?

stable/unstable dimensions (attributions)

is the situation/circumstances temporary or permanent?

controllable/uncontrollable dimensions (attributions)

was the success/failure controlled by you or not?

People most likely attribute success to…

internal factors

people most likely attribute failures to…

external factors

what is fluency? (creativity)

the number of ideas we generate

what is flexibility? (creativity)

the number of different categories that our ideas fit into

what is originality? (creativity)

the novelty/uniqueness of our ideas

what is the pollyanna principle?

we are more likely to recall pleasant memories first because pleasant information is processed more effectively and more accurately than less pleasant information. what

what is semantic memory?

facts or knowledge

what is episodic memory?

personal knowledge

what is retrograde amnesia?

the inability to access old memories

what is anterograde amnesia?

the inability to form new memories

what are explicit memories?

consciously recalled memories, like where you live.

what are implicit memories?

unconsciously recalled memories, like how to ride a bike

what is deep processing?

attending to the meaning of the stimulus.

what is shallow processing?

attending to a stimulus’s physical properties

what is incidental processing?

a group that is not told any information about what they have to later recall.

what is intentional processing?

a group that is told what they need to recall later.

what is dysthymic disorder?

a long-term mild depression over a long period of time.

what is double depression?

starts as a mild depression and then something happens that triggers a higher depression level.

what is major depressive disorder?

a high level of depression for a shorter period of time.

what is bipolar disorder?

episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive episodes to manic highs

what is post-traumatic stress disorder?

a person has difficulty recovering from a one-time traumatic event and this impacts everyday life.

what are social phobias?

a type of anxiety disorder associated with social or performance situations.

what are specific phobias?

a fear of objects or situations that aren’t actually dangerous

what is obsessive compulsive disorder?

characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts, actions, or both.

what is generalized anxiety disorder?

an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.

what are panic disorders with agoraphobia?

a disorder connected to anxiety but with a focus on extreme panic attacks associated with a fear of being in escapeable situations.