Neuropsychological Testing and Assessment

What does neuropsychological testing measure?

Neuropsychological testing measures mental functions such as memory, attention, language, learning, processing speed, reasoning, problem-solving, mood, and behavior

Why might a healthcare provider order neuropsychological testing?

To determine a diagnosis, identify cognitive strengths and weaknesses, monitor brain health over time (e.g., after a brain injury), assess risk for cognitive changes, and guide treatment plans such as therapy or rehab.

What cognitive functions are typically tested in a neuropsychological evaluation?

• General intellect

• Reading and comprehension

• Language skills

• Attention and concentration

• Processing speed

• Memory and learning

• Reasoning

• Executive functions (e.g., problem-solving, multitasking)

• Visuospatial skills

• Fine motor skills

• Mood and personality

What conditions can neuropsychological testing help diagnose?

Alzheimer’s disease, brain tumors, dementia, epilepsy, learning disabilities, stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis.

When might healthcare providers recommend neuropsychological testing?

When there are changes in personality, memory, attention, language, judgment, or organization, such as unexplained memory loss, poor concentration, difficulty managing finances, or changes in behavior.

What happens during a neuropsychological test?

The neuropsychologist reviews your medical history, conducts an interview, and administers tests that include writing, drawing, solving puzzles, and responding to computer-based tasks to assess memory, cognition, and motor skills.

How can you prepare for a neuropsychological test?

• Get a good night’s sleep

• Eat a healthy breakfast

• Take medications as usual unless directed otherwise

• Bring necessary assistive devices (glasses, hearing aids)

• Bring previous testing records (e.g., psychoeducational evaluations, IEPs)

Are there any risks associated with neuropsychological testing?

There are no significant risks, but the tests can be tiring and may cause temporary fatigue or overstimulation, so it’s helpful to plan for a low-stress evening after the test

How are neuropsychological test results interpreted?

Results are compared to norms based on age and sometimes education. The neuropsychologist provides a detailed report explaining strengths, weaknesses, and offers recommendations for treatment or further referrals.

When will you receive the results of a neuropsychological test?

It typically takes 1-2 weeks to score the tests, interpret the results, and make recommendations. During this time, it’s suggested to stay busy with everyday activities to avoid unnecessary worry.

What is a neuropsychological profile?

A detailed description of cognitive strengths and weaknesses, often used to identify brain areas affected by injury or disease

What’s the difference between standardized and non-standardized tests

Standardized tests have consistent procedures and scoring, while non-standardized tests are more flexible and tailored to the individual.

What major cognitive functions are assessed in neuropsychological testing?

Attention, memory, language, visuospatial skills, executive functions, processing speed, motor skills, mood, and personality.

What does “norm-referenced” mean in neuropsychological testing?

Test results are compared to a group of people of the same age and educational background.

What’s an ethical concern when doing neuropsychological testing?

Ensuring informed consent and maintaining confidentiality.

How is neuropsychological testing used after a brain injury?

To assess cognitive deficits and track recovery over time.

How does neuropsychological testing help in dementia diagnosis?

Helps track cognitive decline and differentiate types of dementia (e.g., Alzheimer’s vs. vascular).

What is assessed under executive functioning?

Planning, organization, problem-solving, time management, and impulse control.

How are neuropsychological results used in cognitive rehabilitation?

Results guide therapy to improve cognitive abilities or compensate for deficits.

Who administers neuropsychological tests?

Tests are usually administered by a psychometrist, under the supervision of a neuropsychologist.