Pregnancy Exemplars

Pregnancy is an ________________ state.

immune compromised

What are some tests that can check for fetal wellbeing?

fetal HR, kick counts, non-stress test, ultrasound, fetal growth, umbilical blood sampling, amniocentesis

TORCH Infections

toxoplasmosis, other (HIV, syphilis, fifth disease, varicella, zika) rubella, cmv, herpes

What is the significance of TORCH infections?

can alter fetal growth patterns, and cause anomalies and death

What is significant about rubella in pregnancy?

it is devastating to the fetus and often not compatible with life

What is the most common congenital viral infection?

cytomegalovirus

What deficit might a newborn have if exposed to CMV?

hearing

What is congenital syphilis?

syphilis that is passed from mother to fetus through the birth canal

Which disease presents with a blueberry muffin rash?

herpes

Which strain of herpes is most risky for the newborn?

hsv 2

What is one of the most common blood borne infections in the US?

hepatits c

What is significant about chlamydia infection?

can be largely asymptomatic and can cause infertility

What is a major cause of mortality in pregnancy?

hypertension

What causes hypertension in pregnancy?

largely unknown, but can be due to CV changes that occur during pregnancy, vasospams, and placental dysfunction

Chronic Hypertension

occurs prior to pregnancy, or prior to 20 weeks gestation

Gestational Hypertension

occurs in normotensive women without proteinuria after 20 weeks gestation, and resolves within 12 weeks postpartum

Preeclampsia

new onset hypertension accompanied by proteinuria

What are some severe manifestations of preeclampsia?

hyperreflexia, oliguria, blurred vision, scotomata, pulmonary edema, thrombocytopenia, epigastric pain

HELLP Syndrome

worsening state of preeclampsia characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets which results in organ damage

Eclampsia

worsening condition with seizure involvement

What tests are significant with eclamptic states?

platelets, RBCs, BUN, creatinine, AST/ALT, urine protein

What assessment findings are significant with eclampsia?

blood pressure, edema, DTR

What does a fetal non-stress test indicate?

the fetuses heart rate, and its variability

What is a treatment option for eclampsia?

magnesium sulfate

What is the only cure for eclamptic states?

delivery of the baby and the placenta

What are some signs of magnesium toxicity?

blood pressure decrease, urine output decrease, respiratory rate decrease, patellar reflex absent (BURP)