Chapter 51-53 SG

Pharmacognosy

Pharmacognosy

study of the characteristics of natural drugs

Pharmacodynamics

study of the effects of the drugs on the body

Pharmacokinetics

study of the effects of the body on drugs

Pharmacotherapeutics

study of the of drugs and efficacy on treatment

Prophylactic

preventative measure

Absorption

process of converting a drug to a form the body can use

Excretion

elimination of a drug from the body

Metabolism

process of converting drug molecules into a simpler form called a metabolite

Distribution

process of transporting a drug to the site of action

Generic name

Drugs official name

Trade name

Drugs brand or proprietary name

Steps to reconstituting a medication

check order, gather supplies, wash hands, cleans rubber stop of powder and diluent, inject air into vial of diluent, withdraw diluent, add to powder, palm roll to mix

Acupuncture

procedure that uses needles and electrical currents to block pain

What is an ampule?

a sealed glass capsule containing a liquid, especially a measured quantity ready for injecting.

What is used to treat anaphylaxis?

Epinephrine

What is the unit of measure for insulin and what is unique about an insulin syringe?

Units, syringe has no dead space

How can vaginal medications be administered?

via douche

What is a salve?

An ointment

Medications derived from plants

Digatxoion and quinine

Medications derived from fungi or bacteria

cephalosporin and penicillins

Medications derived from minerals

Zinc sulfate

How long before a manufacturer can make or sell a drug first created by another manufacture?

17 years

Subcutaneous

under the skin(fatty layer)

Intramuscular

into the muscle

Intravenous

into a vein

intrathecal

around the spinal cord

intradermal

into the skin

Diuretics

increases urine production Lasix (furosemide)

Antibiotics

treat infection (amoxicillin)

Antihypertensives

decrease blood pressure (atenolol)

Antacids

relieves heartburn ( tums)

Anticoagulants

reduces clotting (coumadin, heparin)

Antiarrhythmics

normalizes heartbeat (amiodarone)

Schedule I

highest potential for abuse, no accepted medicinal use

Schedule II

high potential for abuse, includes meds such as morphine

Schedule III

lower potential for abuse, moderate potential to develop dependency

Schedule IV

lower potential for abuse, limited potential to develop dependency

Schedule V

lowest potential for abuse, very limited potential for dependency

Inscription

includes the name and amount of the drug

Subscription

instructions to the pharmacist dispensing the medication, may include authorization to substitute generic form

Transcription

includes patient instructions which generally follow the abbreviation Sig which means "mark"

Signature

prescriber's signature

Parenteral

injecting or infusion (IM, SC, ID, IV)

Buccal

between the gums

Sublingual

under that patient's tongue

Transdermal

applied to the skin usually in the form of a patch

Rectal

placed into the rectum

Vaginal

place into the vagina

Topical

applies onto the skin (salves or ointments, lotions.)