ch 9 microbio

photoautotroph

carbon from o2 energy from sunlight, PLANTS

chemo hetertrophs

organisms that obtain carbon and energy from organic compounds, often consuming other organisms. Most common with animals, fungi, protozoa, most bacteria

growth

multiplication of cells

binary fision

the process of bacteria cells reproducing. the cell splits into two, no nucleus Prokaryotic

exponential growth

rapidly increasing at different time

logarithmic graph

this is a steady stream being linear in a straight line

step 1 growth curve

Log phase- no increase in living cells

step 2 growth curve

log phase exponential increase in # of living bacteria

step 3 growth curve

stationary phase rate of cell division and death is stable/ equal

step 4 growth curve

death- exponential decrease in # of living bacteria cells

Temperature, Oxygen, PH, and Salt

environmental factors that effect bacteria growth

cardinal temperature

minimum and maximum temperature for bacteria to survuve

minimum

lowest temperature that permits growth (frozen)

maximum

highest temperature for permitted growth (heat)

optimum

temp that permits fastest growth and metabolism the middle between max and min

psychrophile

cold, optimum below 15c ex: rivers, mountain streams, snow

thermophile

hot, Optimum above 45C, ex: Hot Spring, volcanoes, sunny areas

mesophile

the middle, optimum 20C- 40C, ex: the human body temperature

aerobes

use O2 in metabolism

obligate aerobes

bacteria must need/require oxygen

anarobes

cannot use o2 in metabolism

obligate anarobe

killed by 02

facultative anaerobes

grow with or without o2

pH

alkalinity/acidity, 0-14 scale, neutral= 7

salt/ solute concentration

creates osmotic pressure, and halophiles

synthetic/defined

very precise, exact chemical composition known

non synthetic/ complex

chemicals are never the same, supports variety of microbes ex nutrient agar

selective

grows certain microbes but not others

differential

type of selective media but changes color of the plate

halo

salt

aero

o2/air

psychro

cold

thermo

heat

meso

middle

eco

home, o2, co2,h2o, n2

phile

love/attraction

troph

nutrition

auto

self

photo

light

chemo

chemical

hetero

other

organic

carbon

inorganic

oxygen