UGMA YAWA PART 2

OS Utilities

refers to software incorporated in the OS that coordinates with the activities and functions of hardware and software and it controls the operations of computer hardware.

Device Manager

a troubleshooting tool

System and Security

allows reviewing computer's status and resolving issues, checking firewall status, status of RAM and processor, check device manager, checks for updates, backing-up and restoring files, protect computer thru bit locker, and manage PC thru the administrative tools

Network & Internet

is the second category under the Control Panel and contains all the tools to check the status of the network, change settings, set preferences for sharing files and computers, configure Internet connections

TCP/IP Commands

are system commands used in analyzing and troubleshooting networking issues

IPCONFIG

Display the network adapter configuration. Display the basic network configuration changes and reset certain facets of DHCP and DNS

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

Used for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP address) to a physical machine address that is recognized in the local network.

netstat

is a useful tool for checking your network configuration and activity.

tracert

Shows the path to a destination on another network thru a number of hops and number of ms per hop.

NSLOOKUP

Is a network administration command-line to obtain the domain name or IP address mapping or for any specific DNS record.

Topology

The physical Layout of a network refers to the configuration of cables, computers and other peripherals.

BUS TOPOLOGY

All computers and devices connected to central cable or bus. Consists of a main run of cable with a terminator at each end. Popular on LANs because they are inexpensive and easy to install.

RING TOPOLOGY

Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all computers and devices arranged along ring. Data travels from device to device around entire ring, in one direction. Primarily is used for LANs, but also is used in WANs.

STAR TOPOLOGY

All devices connect to a central device, called Hub, switch, router. All data transferred from one computer to another passes through central device.

Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable

Refers to the most widespread of telecommunication medium that is being used today. Its frequency range is appropriate for sending data and voice.

Shielded Twisted Pair

Compared to UTP, this cable has braided mesh coating specifically a metal foil that covers each insulated conductor. This metal cover intercepts the penetration of electromagnetic noise and eliminate the crosstalk.

Optical Fiber Cable

A guided media that made up of glass, silica and plastic that transmit signal in the for of light. Uses the principle of reflection to guide light through the channel. Its structure composed of ultrapure fused silica surrounded by a cladding of less dense glass or plastic.

Coaxial Cable

Has the capability to transmit signal in the form of electrons, low voltage electricity. It made up of copper conductor at the center of the core surrounded by insulating sheath. The sheath is covered with outer conductor in a form of metal braid, the external metallic wrapping serve as shield from noise and completes the circuit as second conductor.

Routing Schemes

Anycast, Multicast, Broadcast, and Unicast.

Radio waves

It is used for multicast communications, such as radio and television, and paging systems. Note

Microwaves

It is used for unicast communication such as cellular telephones, satellite networks, and wireless LANs. Note

Infrared signals

It can be used for short- range communication in a closed area using line-of-sight propagation. Note