unit 1 world history study guide

A direct result of the Neolithic Revolution

Development of agriculture and permanent settlements

Lifestyle of early humans

Nomadic hunter-gatherers

The area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

Mesopotamia

True or False: Mesopotamia was in a flat area susceptible to invasion, but Egypt was protected from invasion by deserts.

True

Reason many ancient people settled along river valleys

Fertile soil, fresh water, and transportation

Worship of many gods

Polytheism

Code of Hammurabi reveals what about ancient Babylonian society?

Harsh punishments and social class divisions

Persian leaders are famous for…

Tolerance and building roads (Royal Road)

World’s oldest writing system, invented by the Sumerians

Cuneiform

Seasonal winds that dominate India’s climate

Monsoons

Location of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

Indus River Valley

Why do we know very little about the Harappan civilization?

We can’t decipher their writing

Reason people settled near the Huang He River

Fertile soil (loess)

Why did the ancient civilizations of China and India develop separately?

Natural barriers (mountains, deserts)

Central principle of monotheism

Belief in one God

Known as the Father of the Jews (and Monotheism)

Abraham

Difference between ancient Judaism and other early religions in Southwest Asia

Judaism was monotheistic

People that migrated south on the continent of Africa, had iron working skills, and used slash-and-burn agriculture

Bantu

Controlled the region of the now modern area of India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh

Maurya Empire

Asoka ruled which empire

Maurya Empire

Causes a ruler to lose that approval from heaven

Loss of the Mandate of Heaven

Dynasty led by Shi Huangdi

Qin Dynasty

“Eightfold Path” and “Four Noble Truths”

Buddhism

Confucius believed that social order, harmony, and good government could be restored in China if society were organized around what?

Five Basic Relationships

Silk Trade Route connected…

China to the Mediterranean

Describe Sparta

Militaristic society in ancient Greece

Define Pax Romana

200 years of peace and stability in the Roman Empire

True or False: The Roman Republic began with a revolt against an unpopular king, the Roman Empire resulted from a civil war in which one leader seized power.

True

Greek philosopher introduced a new method of teaching that depended on asking students probing questions

Socrates

Greek philosopher wrote The Republic

Plato

Blending of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures

Hellenistic culture

Roman general who served as consul of Rome and governor of Gaul, defeated Pompey in a civil war, and was named dictator for life

Julius Caesar

Common characteristic of ancient Greek and Roman religion

Polytheism

Contribution of Paul the Apostle to the diffusion of Christianity

Spread Christianity through missionary work and letters

True or False: A decrease in traditional religions was one factor that led to the decline of the Western Roman Empire.

True