Greek and Roman Mythology Midterm (copy)

Which major goddess is born out of the sea from amputated genitals?

Aphrodite

What three-headed dog of Hades is the child of Echidna?

Cerberus

Which of the original four beings is the mother of heaven, the sea, Kronos, and many others?

Gaia

What is the collective name for the goddesses who taught Hesiod to sing?

The Muses

Who (or what) existed “first of all”?

Chaos

Who tried to deceive Zeus at Mekone about the division of sacrifices?

Prometheus

Which one of the Gorgon sisters was mortal?

Medusa

How many eyes does each Cyclopes have? (Cyclopes is the plural of Cyclops)

One

Who was punished by Zeus by having an eagle peck out his liver?

Prometheus

Name one of the two items that serves as food for the gods (NOT the sacrifices) A

Ambrosia

Name the other food of the gods N

Nectar

Which river (of the underworld) provides the water used when the gods swear an oath?

Styx

Which goddess is born from Zeus’ head?

Athena

What does “theogony” mean?

Birth of the gods

How many Muses are there? (Name Two)

9; Calliope and Terpsichore

What is the collective name for the children of Ouranos and Gaia, who follow them in power?

Titans

Who was tricked into swallowing a stone instead of his child?

Kronos

Which god (male) is described by Hesiod as “aegis-bearing”?

Zeus

How many daughters of Nereus are there?

50

Who was castrated by Kronos?

Ouranos

Where does Hesiod meet the Muses?

Mt. Helicon

How many hands/arms apiece do Kottos, Gyes, and Briareus have?

100

What goddess, daughter of Perses and Asterie, is honored on earth and sea and sky?

Hecate

Who is the son of Zeus and Alcmene? (He freed Prometheus from the eagle who ate his liver, and also killed three-headed Geryon)

Herakles

The Greek gods are often described as “anthropomorphic.” What does this mean?

Having human-like characteristics or form

Who is Apollo’s mother?

Leto

In the *Works and Days*, which race of humans immediately follows the Bronze Race?

Heroic Age

What gift does Epimetheus foolishly accept?

Pandora

The great oath of the gods is to swear by what river?

Styx

Who was Zeus’ father?

Kronos

According to Hesiod, how many Strifes are there?

2

What is the name of Hesiod’s brother (to whom the *Works and Days* is addressed)?

Perses

What is the last thing left in Pandora’s cask/jar?

Hope

What does Prometheus steal from the gods and give to humanity?

Fire

Who is the father of the Muses?

Zeus

What is the second race of humans?

Silver

Which divinities are called “Pierian”?

The Muses

Who is Apollo’s father?

Zeus

Which god is called “far-shooting”?

Apollo

According to Hesiod, which god sees all and understands all?

Zeus

What is the fifth (and last) race of humans?

Iron

Which god is called “Gatherer of Clouds” and “Thunderer”?

Zeus

Where was Apollo born?

Delos

Which race was the first race of humans, who lived in the reign of Kronos?

Golden

Who is Apollo’s twin sister?

Artemis

Who was made by Hephaistos and given charm by Aphrodite?

Pandora

Which god is sometimes called “Phoibos” (also spelled “Phoebus”)?

Apollo

Where do the gods live?

Mount Olympus

Which god is called “father of men and gods”?

Zeus

Who is the goddess of grain and the harvest?

Demeter

Who is Persephone’s father?

Zeus

What kind of monster does Apollo slay at Krisa (Delphi)?

Python

What goddess does Zeus send to Demeter at Eleusis? (She is goddess of the rainbow)

Iris

What is Persephone doing when she is abducted?

Picking flowers with her friends

Who puts Demophoön in the fire?

Demeter

Which god is called “the lord of many” and “one who receives many”?

Hades

Who is angered by the birth of Athena?

Hera

Where does Demeter establish her mysteries?

Eleusis

What does Apollo change into to frighten the Cretan sailors?

Dolphin

Who is Apollo’s twin sister?

Artemis

In the *Hymn to Demeter*, who claims to have been kidnapped by pirates?

Demeter as Doso

What does Persephone eat in the underworld?

Pomegranate seeds

Who is called “bringer of seasons” and “giver of splendid gifts”?

Demeter

Who is called Argeiphontes (Argus-slayer)? (He carries a message from Zeus to Hades)

Hermes

Which god is called “loud-thundering” and “far-seeing”?

Zeus

Which god springs from the earth with his immortal horses?

Hades

When Demeter arrives at the home of Keleos and Metaneira, what is she disguised as?

An old woman

Delphi/Krisa is located on the slopes of what mountain (called “snowy”)?

Mount Parnassus

How many days does Demeter mourn before Hekate tells her what happened to Persephone?

9

Which goddess is called “ox-eyed” and “queenly”?

Hera

What god, a child of Hera, is described as having crooked legs?

Hephaestus

What job does Metaneira offer to Demeter?

The nursing of her child

Whom did Apollo abduct to be his attendants at his new shrine in Delphi?

Cretans from Knossos

What Titan does Zeus send to Demeter to urge her to let things grow again after she is reunited with Persephone? (She is Zeus’ and Demeter’s mother)

Rhea

What sun god is the son of Hyperion? (He tells Demeter what happened to her daughter)

Helios

On what is island does the action of Books 1-2 take place?

Ithaca

Who announces to the assembly that he intends to sail to Pylos?

Telemachus

Who is king in Pylos?

Nestor

Who pretends to be Mentes, lord of the Taphians?

Athena

Who tells Phemius to stop singing “The Achaeans’ Journey Home from Troy”?

Penelope

Who is away from Olympus visiting the Ethiopians?

Poseidon

Who was murdered by his wife when he arrived home from Troy?

Agamemnon

At the council on Olympus, who urges Zeus not to forget about Odysseus?

Athena

Who puts a drug into her guests’ wine?

Helen

Whom did Menelaus have to wrestle for information?

Proteus

What god is Helen’s father?

Zeus

Who is keeping Odysseus on her island?

Calypso

Where does Telemachus visit Menelaus and Helen?

Sparta

Who is called “Pallas”

Athena

How does Penelope put off the suitors who keep asking her to marry one of them?

She claims to be weaving a burial shroud for Odysseus’ father, and she repeatedly undoes her work

Which god are the people of Pylos worshipping when Telemachus first arrives?

Poseidon

Who is “the red-haired king”?

Menelaus

“Lacedaemon” is another name for what Greek city?

Sparta

What trick did the Greeks use to capture Troy?

They hid soldiers in a wooden horse

What do the suitors plan to do to Telemachus when he returns from his trip to Pylos?

Kill him

Who criticizes the Ithacans for not chasing away the suitors? (Athena later assumes his form)

Mentor

Whom does Telemachus address as “Son of Atreus”?

Menelaus

Who is Pisistratus’ father? (Pisistratus accompanies Telemachus to Sparta)

Nestor

Who had an affair with Agamemnon’s wife and killed him when he returned home from Troy? (He was later killed by Agamemnon’s son Orestes)

Aegisthus

Who delivers Zeus’ commands to Calypso?

Hermes