Hitler's Rise and Nazi Control Quiz

Third Reich

jews were inferior race to German Aryans, represented a threat to the German state, need to destroy the parliamentary system and replace it with one strong dictator, requirement for living space to house growing population, expand into Poland and Russia

Aryans

people of european descent - not jewish - often with blond hair and blue eyes, viewed as the superior human race

Josef Goebbels

Berlin Gauleiter, clever bc he expreimented with new techniques to share the Nazis’ message, posters about Hitler’s strength, speeches and rallies in public place for enthusiasm

Bamberg Conference

special Nazi Party conference in response to tension between northern and southern sections of the party, (north keen to emphasize socialist elements of 25-point programme) (south more interested in nationalist and racist policies), resulted in 25-point programme being reaffirmed and establishing ‘Leader Principle’

Chancellor

head of the government, appointed by President

President Hindenburg

used Article 48 to give himself power to pass laws by decree, undermined democracy and weakened

Article 48

chancellor could control without the Reichstag at a time of emergency

Volksgemeinschaft

idea that the Nazis would create one German community that would make religion or social class relevant to people

Fuhrer

 leader of Germany, Hitler proclaimed himself this in 1934

Reichstag Fire

Reichstag building was set on fire, Dutch communist did it and was caught

March, 1933 Reichstag Elections

44% of population voted for Nazis, 288 seats in Reichstag, not overall majority, Hitler joins nationalists

Enabling Act

communist deputies banned and SA intimidating non-Nazi deputies, Reichstag voted by ⅔ majority to give Hitler right to make laws without Reichstag’s approval for 4 years

German Labour Front (DAF)

trade unions banned, workers expected to join new labor front

Political Party Ban

all parties were banned, only Nazi party allowed to exist

Night of Long Knives

members of SA demanding the Nazi party carry out its socialist agenda and SA could take over army, Hitler could not afford to annoy them so SS murdered 400 SA members and other opponents

Ernst Rohm

leader of the SA, part of Night of Long Knives

Concordat

agreement signed with the Pope, allowed Hitler to increase power in Germany without opposition from Catholic Church (as long as he left it alone)

Schutzstaffel

led by Heinrich Himmler, most important organisations and oversaw the others, initially Hitler’s bodyguard service, later set up concentration camps

Heinrich Himmler

led the SS

Gestapo

Nazi’s secret police force, monitored the German population for signs of opposition or resistance to Nazi rule, helped by ordinary people informing on fellow citizens

Sicherheitsdienst (SD)

intelligence gathering agency of the SS, responsible for security of Hitler and other top Nazis, led by Reinhard Heydrich

Reinhard Heydrich

led the SD

Nazi Lawyers’ Association

lawyers had to join this, judge had to swear loyalty to Hitler and act in interests of Nazis, defense lawyers were weakened, standard punishments were abolished

Reich Church

under leadership of Bishop Ludwig Mueller, established to unify protestantism, promoted Nazi ideas, attempted to ban the Old Testament in religious services bc it was considered jewish