Attempts at restoring royal authority

What did Henry do to ensure authority of Central government was maintained in outlying regions ?

developed Yorkist use of regional councils in the North , Wales and Ireland

Who did Henry initially use as deputy in the North ? Why did this change and what was the response?

Earl of Northumberland

he died - replaced by Earl of Surrey

Why was the council of the North important ?

• defence of Northern border

• administrative and judicial power

What did Henry change about the council of the North ?

• made sure that he appointed members to the council not Surrey - ensuring greater loyal and enforcement of royal will

What areas was the most unruly area during the wars of the roses and why ?

Wales

• there was an absence of continuous and effective rule from London

Why was Edward IV’s establishment of the Council of Wales not particularly effective ?

• no attempt to create a single system of counties and lordships

• no attempt at abolishing the privilege of the Marcher Lords

When did Henry revise the council of Wales?

1493

Who was the nominal head of Wales ?

Arthur , his son

What factors allowed Henry to increase control in Wales ?

• his Welsh connections

• death and loss of lands by many Marcher Lords

What area was a a Yorkist stronghold ?

Ireland

Where did England have direct control in Ireland ?

the Pale

Outside of the Pale , who had control of Ireland give specifics ?

major Irish families

like the Kildares

What law was passed in 1494 , specifying that the Irish parliament could only be called and pass laws at the approval of the king ?

Poyning’s Law

What attempts to increase authority in Ireland were limited in success?

• Edward Poynings - Henry’s deputy in Ireland

• failed to bring Ulster under greater control

• all efforts would be costly so Henry had to rely on traditional Irish families like the Kildares