Antisocial Exam 2

what is the cognitive scripts model

aggressive behavior is learned through daily experiences and can be resistant to change

cognitive scripts model founder

Huesmann

what is copycat crime/contagion effect ?

A tendency in some people to model or copy an activity portrayed in the entertainment or news media

what is displaced aggression theory?

aggression directed at a target as a replacement for the individual who is the real source of anger

ASSOCIATED WITH RUMINATION

what is the ethological viewpoint?

humans are programmed to be aggressive to defend

when do gender differences emerge?

preschool years

what are gender differences due to?

cultural and socialization processes

what kind of aggression do girls engage in?

relationship and interpersonal

general aggression model

a modern theory of aggression suggesting that aggression is triggered by a wide range of input variables that influence arousal, affective stages, and cognitions

What does General Aggression Model state?

aggression and violence depend on

how an individual perceives social environment

expectations about the likelihood of various outcomes

knowledge and beliefs about how people usually respond in certain situation

the degree to which a person believes he or she has the ability to respond effectively

Hostile Attribution Model

youth and adults prone toward violence are more likely to interpret ambiguous actions as hostile and threatening than are their less aggressive counterparts. people with this bias are twice as likely to see aggressive actions from others where there are none. this begins to develop during preschool years.

I3 Theory

provides an organized structure for understanding the process by which a given factor promotes aggression and how multiple risk factors interrelate to create or reduce aggression.

parts of I3 theory

instigating triggers

impelling forces

inhibiting forces

Observational Modeling

We watch what others do and the consequences of their behavior in particular situations

Reactive-Impulsive Aggression

an aggressive behavior in response to some provocation with a goal to make the victim suffer

Weapons Effect

Suggestion that the mere presence of a weapon leads a witness or victim to concentrate on the weapon itself rather than other features of the crime

Callous Unemotional Trait Theory

- severe and chronic patterns of antisocial behavior beyond conduct disorder

- cluster of traits consistent with adult psychopaths

- predictive of lifelong, persistent offending

Coercion Developmental Theory

Poor parental monitoring of child activities, disruptive family transitions, and inconsistent parental discipline are major psychosocial contributors to early-onset delinquency

Gender Differences in Juv Delinquency

boys outnumber girls in offending

girls are more likely to run away because of home issues

Moffitt's Developmental Theory paths

life course persistent offenders

adolescence - limited offender (begin in adolescence and stop around 18)

Multisystemic Therapy

A form of family therapy originally developed to treat antisocial behaviors in youth.

key factors in multisystemic therapy

changes in caregiver discipline practices

reduction in youth associations with deviant peers

Psychological Definition of Delinquency

conduct disorder- a diagnostic term used to represent a group of behaviors characterized by habitual misbehavior

antisocial behavior- serious habitual misbehavior, especially a behavioral pattern that involves direct and harmful actions against others

Selective Prevention

secondary prevention that targets high risk kids - early detection and intervention to prevent serius habitual offending

what is the perry school project?

example of selective prevention directed at the cognitive and social development op high risk young kids

Status Offenses

actions that are illegal when committed by a minor

tabulated by national center for juvenile justice

Steinberg's Dual Systems Theory

cognitive control and socioemotional control develop at different speeds.

cognitive develops by 16 - but both paths dont merge until 25

what is the Autonomic Nervous System?

controls emotional behavior and responsivity

divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic

ANS in psychopaths

under responsive - they do not learn to avoid aversive situations and lack anxiety

Childhood of the Psychopath

- Begins in childhood and continues throughout adulthood

- Hyperactivity, impulsivity, and attention problems and conduct problems

- Parental neglect

- Negative school experiences

- Life-course-persistent offenders

two factor position of psychopathy

1 - interpersonal and emotional traits (lack of remorse/guilt, manipulation, callousness)

2- socially deviant lifestyle (impulsive, reckless)

The Three-Factor Position

1 - arrogant and deceptive interpersonal style

2- impulsive and irresonsiple lifestyle

3- deficient emotional experience

The Four-Factor Model of psychopathy

1. interpersonal

2. lifestyle

3. affective

4. antisocial tendencies

Triarchic Psychopathy Model (TriPM)

Represents the major three traits that some scholars argue best describe psychopathic

1 - meanness

2- disinhibition

3- boldness

Criminal Psychopath

1% of population

most violent and persistent offenders

high rates of recidivism

Dark Triad

Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy

Dyssocial Psychopaths

display aggressive, antisocial behavior they have learned from their subculture, like their gangs, terrorist groups, or families.

Secondary psychopath

individual with psychopathic characteristics, but who commits antisocial acts because of severe emotional problems or inner conflicts

primary psychopath

a "true" psychopath has certain identifiable psychological, emotional, cognitive, and biological differences that distinguish him or her from the general or criminal population.

Neurobiological Factors

temperament

CNS

PNS

The Female Psychopath

Less prevalent than males

Lower scores on PCL-R

Lack of realistic long-term goals

Numerous marital relationships

Wide range of crime

Treatment of Criminal Psychopaths

-Research indicates that adult psychopaths are not responsive to treatment.

-Large doses of treatment are needed.

-Evaluation is difficult due to skillful manipulation

Principal Traits of Psychopaths

Selfishness•

Inability to love or gain affection•

Egocentricity•

Flat affect•

Little contact with family•

Disregard for truth•

Lack of remorse or guilt

Stimulation seeking