Sports Med Standard anatomical positions and standard joint motions

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27 Terms

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The Anatomical Position
Standing, hands at sides, palms forward, toes forward
Standing, hands at sides, palms forward, toes forward
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Anterior
Positioned on or toward the front of the body
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Posterior/Dorsal
Positioned on or toward the back of the body
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Superior
Positioned above an identified reference point
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Inferior
Positioned below an identified reference point
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Distal
Positioned farthest from the center of the body, or point of reference (Arms and Legs ONLY)
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Proximal
Positioned close to the center of the body, or point of reference (Arms and Legs ONLY)
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Medial
Relatively closer to the midline of the body
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Lateral
Relatively farther away from midline of the body
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Contralateral
On the opposite side of the body
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Ipsilateral
On the same side of the body
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Plantar(foot)
Bottom side of foot
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Dorsal(foot)
Top of foot
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Palmar (hand)
palmside of hand
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Dorsal(hand)
back/top of hand
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Pronation
Feet roll in, bottom out
Feet roll in, bottom out
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Supination
Feet roll out, bottom in
Feet roll out, bottom in
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Valgus
Outside energy moving toward the midline of the body
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Varus
Inside energy moving out
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Flexion
Decreases the angle of a joint
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Extension
Straightening of a joint
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Abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body
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Adduction
Movement toward the midline of the body
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Inversion
Heelbone moves medially/bottom of foot inward
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Eversion
Heelbone moves laterally/bottom of foot out
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Internal rotation
Rotation of a joint toward the middle of the body.
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external rotation
Rotation of a joint away from the middle of the body.