Tests for Identifying Metal Ions and Carbonates

Flame Tests

Method to identify metal ions via flame color.

Nichrome Wire Loop

Tool used to hold samples in flame tests.

Hydrochloric Acid

Used to clean nichrome wire before testing.

Lithium Ion

Produces crimson color in flame tests.

Sodium Ion

Produces orange-yellow color in flame tests.

Potassium Ion

Produces lilac color in flame tests.

Calcium Ion

Produces brick red color in flame tests.

Barium Ion

Produces green color in flame tests.

Copper Ion

Produces blue-green color in flame tests.

Sodium Hydroxide

Used to precipitate metal hydroxides from solutions.

Silver Ion

Forms brown precipitate of silver oxide.

Calcium Hydroxide

Forms white precipitate with calcium ions.

Copper(II) Hydroxide

Forms blue precipitate with copper ions.

Lead(II) Hydroxide

Forms white precipitate with lead ions.

Iron(II) Hydroxide

Forms green precipitate with iron(II) ions.

Iron(III) Hydroxide

Forms reddish-brown precipitate with iron(III) ions.

Zinc Hydroxide

Forms white precipitate, redissolves in excess NaOH.

Aluminium Hydroxide

Forms white precipitate, redissolves in excess NaOH.

Carbonate Ions

Release CO2 gas when reacted with acids.

Limewater Test

Used to detect carbon dioxide presence.

Barium Chloride Test

Detects sulfate ions via precipitate formation.

Ammonium Compounds Test

Damp litmus paper turns blue with ammonia.

Silver Nitrate Test

Identifies halide ions by forming precipitates.

Nitric Acid

Used to prepare samples for silver nitrate test.