Basics of Chemistry: Electron Configuration and Bonding

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from electron configuration, molecular bonding, and nomenclature in chemistry.

Electron Configuration

A representation of the arrangement of electrons in an atom's electron shells and subshells.

Nitrate (NO3-)

A polyatomic ion with one nitrogen and three oxygen atoms.

Nitrite (NO2-)

A polyatomic ion composed of one nitrogen and two oxygen atoms.

Chromate (CrO4²-)

A polyatomic ion containing one chromium and four oxygen atoms.

Dichromate (Cr₂O7²-)

A polyatomic ion made up of two chromium and seven oxygen atoms.

Hydroxide (OH-)

A polyatomic ion consisting of one oxygen and one hydrogen atom.

Hydrogen Bonding

A strong type of dipole-dipole attraction that occurs between molecules containing hydrogen bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

Dipole-Dipole Forces

Intermolecular forces that occur between polar molecules, where partial positive and negative charges attract each other.

Ion-Dipole Forces

Forces that occur between an ion and a polar molecule.

Covalent Bonds

A type of chemical bond where atoms share electron pairs.

Naming Binary Ionic Compounds

The process of naming compounds consisting of two different elements, typically a metal and a nonmetal.

Cation

A positively charged ion.

Anion

A negatively charged ion.

Stock System

A nomenclature system that uses Roman numerals to indicate the charge of transition metal cations.

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in forming bonds.

Octet Rule

A principle stating that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of eight electrons.