tongue conditions
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23 Terms
what is glossitis?
inflamed tongue - red, sore, swollen
what happens to the papillae of the tongue?
atrophy - so tongue looks smooth
what are the causes of glossitis?
- iron deficiency anaemia
- B12 deficiency
- folate deficiency
- coeliac disease
- injury or irritant exposure
what is the management of glossitis?
treat underlying cause
what is angioedema of the tongue?
swelling of the tongue
what are the top 3 causes of angioedema?
- allergic reaction
- ACEi
- C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency - hereditary angioedema
what is oral candidiasis also called?
oral thrush
what causes oral candidiasis?
overgrowth of candida albicans
what does oral candidiasis look like?
white spots or patches
what are the factors that can predispose someone to oral thrush?
- inhaled corticosteroids
- antibiotics
- diabetes
- immunodeficiency
- smoking
what are the treatment options?
- miconazole gel
- nystatin suspension
- fluconazole tablets
what is a geographic tongue?
inflammatory condition where patches of the tongue loses epithelium and papillae
what tends to be the time course of the geographic tongue?
relapsing and remitting
what can geographic tongue be related to?
- stress and mental illness
- psoriasis
- atopy
- diabetes
does the geographic tongue have any harmful effects?
no - apart from some discomfort or burning sensations
what is a strawberry tongue?
swollen, red and papillae become enlarged, white and prominent
what are the two main causes of strawberry tongue?
- scarlet fever
- kawasaki disease
what is a black, hairy tongue a result of?
decrease shedding of keratin from the tongue's surface
what gives the appearance of hairs?
papillae elongation
what makes the tongue dark?
bacteria and food
what other symptoms may the patient report?
sticky saliva and metallic taste
what are the causes of a black hairy tongue?
- dehydration
- dry mouth
- poor oral hygiene
- smoking
what is the management of black hair tongue?
- adequate hydration
- gentle brushing
- stop smoking
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