(BAD) 11 - Tests For Relationship

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the Week 12 Intro Lecture, focusing on hypothesis testing, chi-square tests, data analysis, and statistical thinking.

Chi-Square Test for Independence

A statistical test used to determine if there is a significant association between two qualitative variables.

Chi-Square Test for Goodness of Fit

A statistical test used to determine if the observed frequency distribution of a categorical variable matches an expected theoretical distribution.

Chi Square Test Assumptions

Observations being independent and for the expected frequencies, none of them to be empty and no more than 20% should be less than five.

P Value

Compares the test statistic to some distribution to calculate the p value.

Calculate the P Value

Compares a test statistic to the chi squared distribution.

Test Statistic

Measures the difference between what you observe and what you expect.

Null Hypothesis

States that the difference we see might be due to chance.

Alternative Hypothesis

Says that the difference between what you observe and what you expect is not due to chance

Null Hypothesis

Data fits some theoretical distribution

Alternative Hypothesis

Data doesn't fit some theoretical distribution

Chi Square Test for Independence

Tests whether two qualitative variables are related.

Chi Square Test for Independence

Number of degrees of freedom is m minus one times n minus one.

Regression Test for the Slope

Determines if the relationship between two quantitative variables is significant.

Linear Model

Best line that fits through the data.

Linear Regression Equation

Dependent variable as y = intercept + coefficient times the independent variable + noise/residual

Assumptions

Four assumptions are linearity, independence, normality, and homoscedasticity.

Test Statistic

Observed value minus the Expected value divided by the standard error

Degrees of Freedom

The number of degrees of freedom is n minus two

Estimate

The estimated value for the coefficient.