IRONMAN 4

RADIOIMMUNOSORBENT TEST (RIST)

measures TOTAL IgE

RADIOALLERGOSORBENT TEST (RAST)

measures ANTIGEN-SPECIFIC IgE

RUBELLA

RNA viral cause of German or 3-day measles

RUBEOLA

single-stranded RNA virus that cause measles

DiGeorge anomaly

congenital defect of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches that affects thymic development, leading to a T-cell deficiency. Patients are subject to recurring viral and fungal infections

Franklin's disease

dysproteinemia synonymous with gamma heavy-chain disease. This abnormality is characterized by the presence of monoclonal protein composed of the heavy-chain portion of the immunoglobulin molecule.

Kahler's disease

An alternate term for multiple myeloma

CARRIER

molecule that when coupled to a hapten, makes the hapten capable of stimulating an immune response

HAPTEN

simple chemical group that can bind to antibody once it is formed but that CANNOT stimulate antibody formation unless tied to a larger carrier molecule

EPITOPE

single antigenic determinant. It is functionally the portion of an antigen that combines with an antibody paratope

PARATOPE

part of the antibody molecule that makes contact with the antigenic determinant

SENSITIVITY

frequency of positive results obtained in testing a population of individuals who are positive for antibody

SPECIFICITY

proportion of negative test results obtained in the population of individuals who actually lack the antibody in question

ONCOFETAL ANTIGENS

that are expressed in the developing fetus and in rapidly dividing tissue, such as that associated with tumors, but that are absent in normal adult tissue

CARCINOMA

malignant tumor of EPITHELIAL TISSUE origin

SARCOMA

malignant tumor of CONNECTIVE TISSUE origin

Epithelial tissue

Origin of carcinoma

Connective tissue

Origin of sarcoma

BENCHMARKING

individual facility COMPARES ITS RESULTS WITH THOSE OF ITS PEERS

MEAN

average value

MODE

most frequently occurring value

MEDIAN

middle value within range

y-intercept

CONSTANT systematic error

SLOPE

PROPORTIONAL systematic error

EPIDERMOPHYTON FLOCCOSUM

Fungi (dermatophyte) produces macroconidia that are large, multicellular, and club-shaped with smooth walls

>1,000 U/mL

CA 19-9 level considered unresectable

Stimulation Index (SI) or percent relative response (%RR)

Manner of reporting of mixed lymphocyte reaction

ASCHOFF BODIES

nodules found in the hearts of individuals with RHEUMATIC FEVER.

MERCURY

Chemical that must NOT GO through drain disposal

BARR (sex chromatin) BODY or DRUMSTICK

represent the second X chromosome in females and may be seen in 2 to 3% of neutrophils in FEMALES. The number of Barr bodies in a cell is one less than the number of X chromosomes present in a cell

DOHLE BODIES

rough endoplasmic reticulum containing RNA and may represent localized failure of the cytoplasm to mature. They are found in infections, poisoning, burns and following chemotherapy

CHEDIAK-HIGASHI

granulocytes usually contain several very large, reddish-purple or greenish-gray staining granules in the cytoplasm; in the monocytes and lymphocytes they stain bluish purple and may be present singly, or there may be several in one cell. These granules represent ABNORMAL LYSOSOMES.

37°C

Sickling of the RBCs is maximal at

HYGROMETERS

measure HUMIDITY

70% to 100% because less concentrated solutions will produce lysis of cells

ALCOHOL FIXATIVE CONCENTRATIONS

Ethanol

Methanol

Carnoy's soln

commonly used fixatives for nucleic acids

MICROWAVE

physical agent similar in mechanism to vacuum oven (heat) and agitation to increase movement of molecules and accelerate fixation. It is also used to accelerate staining, decalcification, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy

PURE ETHANOL

LAST ALCOHOL BATH FOR DEHYDRATION SHOULD BE

FULL SATURATION WITH WATER

A blue discoloration of COPPER SULFATE crystals will indicate

CASEOUS NECROSIS

cell death produced by the Tubercle Bacillus

CASEOUS NECROSIS

the necrotic tissue has the appearance of soft, friable CHEESE

PYKNOSIS

KARYORRHEXIS (segmentation and fragmentation) and

KARYOLYSIS (dissolution of the nucleus)

Three (3) major changes that are observed in the NUCLEUS during cell death

1. CLOUDY SWELLING

2. FATTY DEGENERATION

3. CELL DEATH OR NECROSIS 4. CALCIFICATION

Four (4) phases or stages of CELL DEGENERATION

anti-M

Antibody enhanced by ACIDIFYING THE PATIENT SERUM

CLERICAL ERRORS

Most common cause of transfusion reactions

CHECK FOR CLERICAL ERRORS

FIRST STEP in laboratory investigation of transfusion reaction

42 days

SAGM, ADSOL shelf life

3 days

REJUVENATION or red blood cells may be performed up to ____ days after the red cells expire

filtering, centrifugation and washing

Preparation of leukopoor RBCs

FROZEN RBCs

Longest expiration date