Chapter 3 - General Biology

A water molecule can bond to up to _____ other water molecules by ____

bonds.

four ... hydrogen

The unequal sharing of electrons within a water molecule makes the water molecule _____.

The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its

_____.

electronegativity

In this molecule, what type of bond is found between the oxygen and hydrogens?

polar covalent

In a neutral solution the concentration of _____.

hydrogen ions is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions

What process exerts the pull on water molecules that is relayed from leaf to root via cohesion?

evaporation

what is heat?

The total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter

what is temperature ?

A measure of the intensity of heat in degrees, reflecting the average kinetic energy of the molecules

what is a solute?

substance that is dissolved in a solution

what is a solvent?

The dissolving agent of a solution.

what is a solution?

a homogeneous, liquid mixture of two or more substances

what is a mole?

The number (mol) of grams of a substance that equals its molecular weight in daltons

what is molecular weight?

The sum of the weights of all the atoms in a molecule.

what is an acid?

any substance that increases the H+ concentration, lower on the pH scale

what is a base?

any substance that reduces the H+ concentration of a solution, higher on the pH scale

how do buffers work?

by accepting hydrogen ions from the solution when they are in excess and donating hydrogen ions to the solution when they are depleted