Unit 5 - flashcards

What factors produced the progressives?

1. Industrialization & Big Business: huge corporations and monopolies

2. Urbanization & Poor Living Conditions: Overcrowding led to tenements

3. Political Corruption: pushed for allowing people to vote directly for

Muckrakers

Investigative journalists

Social Gospel

Protestant-led reform movement that applied Christian ethics to social problems like:

• poverty

• inequality,

• unsafe labor conditions

Progressive policies in cities

• city managers - ran interworking of cities

• Bureaucrat - city employees

Wisconsin idea

took party bosses out of power, allowing the people to vote

Lochner vs NYC

1905 - SCOTUS case that struck down a New York law limiting bakery employees to 10 hours per day (lead to questions about judicial overreach)

How did women establish their civil rights during the Progressive era?

1. The Women’s Suffrage Movement - fought to gain the right to vote

2. Participation in Reform Movements - involved in temperance movement (alcohol reform)

3. Settlement House Movement - Jane Addams started hull house

4. As women became more visible in public roles, perceptions shifted.

Progressive era

1901 - 1917

National American women sufferage Association (N.A.W.S.A)

Combination of the AWSA (American Women Suffrage Association) and NWSA (National Women suffrage association) to secure women the right to vote

When did California endorse woman’s rights

1911

18th amendment

1919 - prohibition (banned alcohol )

19th amendment

1920 - women are given the right to vote (Wyoming is the first to allow to vote)

Consumer league

1899 - label products made by child labor

How did Web. Dubois advance civil rights for African American during the Progressive Era?

1. Promoted Immediate Equality - Talented Tenth goes first

2. Founded the NAACP

3. Used Writing and Journalism to Expose Injustice - edited the crises (NAACP magazine)

Tuskgee Institution

All black school founded by booker Washington

Atlanta Compromise

Help blacks people geet an eduction + they promise wouldn’t fight for more

Niagra movement

Demands:

• Unrestricted right to vote

• End of segregation

• equal treatment under the law

• Equality of economic opportunity

• Higher education for talented

• end to union discrimination

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of colored people

How did teddy opportunity define “equal access to opportunity”

• everyone should be given a chance to succeed

• limit unfair advantages

• protection for workers and consumers

When did roosevelt become president

1901

Northern Securities Co.

linked all the huge rails together under james J hill

Elkins railroad act

1903 - made it illegal for railroads to give special discounts to big businesses while charging smaller customers more

hepburn act

1906 - Allowed ICC (interstate commerce commission) to regulate rails

The jungle

a book written by Sinclair exposing the reality behind food regulations

Pure food & Drug act

1906 - Created the FDA to begin regulating food

How did Republicans lose control of the progressive era?

The split between Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft in the 1912 presidential election divided their vote and allowed Democrats to take power.

When did Wilson become president?

Election of 1912

How did Wilsons brand of progressivism differ from that of Teddys

Wilson wanted to break up big corporations to restore competition and opportunity.
Roosevelt wanted the government to regulate them and keep them under control

New Nationalism

Teddy Roosevelts campaign that accepted instead of breaking up big companies but insisted the government control them to ensure fairness and equal opportunity

New freedom

Wilson’s Campaign 1912 platform advocating for :

• Anti-corporations

• regulating banks

• tariff reforms

Underwood labor

1913 - a federal income tax to compensate for lost revenue

Federal reserve act

1913 - basically a central bank

Federal trade commission

Watchdog for business

Clayton anti - trust act

1914 - targets corporate leadership

17th amendment

1914 - elected senators by the people not by state legislatures

Why did US enter WWi

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare by Germany

Lusitania

1915 - American ship sunk by germans

Sussex

1916 - Germans promise to stop sinking American ships (after sinking a few more ships)

Election of 1916

Wilson relected

Kentucky - Owen child labor act

1916 - America will not buy products made with child labor

Adamson Act

1916 - established an eight-hour workday

Zimmerman telegram

Germany tries to get Mexico to attack the Us (to distract it)

How did the US ready itself for war?

a. Economic Mobilization - government sold bonds to pay off war/taxed the rich

b. Propaganda & Public Support

War industries Board (WIB)

primary purpose was to transition the economy from peacetime to wartime through:

• allocating resources using the government

• fixing prices

• coordinating production

Graduated incomes

higher portions of income, divided into brackets - the rich taxed at 75% while poor taxed at barely anything to afford war

Committee of Public information

Spread propaganda

Espionage act

1917 - criticizing the government or the war effort could lead to fines or imprisonment

schenck vs US

1919 - SCOTUS case that ruled the First Amendment does not protect speech that creates a danger of substantive evils

How did Wilson’s peace plan fail at Versaille

Wilson wanted leniency and fairness but European leaders prioritized revenge

Wilsons 14 points

Wilsons vision for a just and lasting peace after World War I