2.1 Explain characteristics of routing technologies

What is the difference between static routing and dynamic routing?

Static Routing: This statically assigns routes in a routing table for a router so it knows what the next hop will be.

Dynamic Routing: This lets routers automatically decide the route to take to get to their destination. Also, when a router gets removed or added, the routing table automatically gets updated.

True or False? EIGRP is not proprietary to any router.

False. EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Protocol) is proprietary to Cisco.

What is OSPF?

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) operates by having routers form neighbor relationships with adjacent routers in the network. Each router then shares its link-state information with its neighbors, which enables all routers to build a synchronized topological database. Using this database, each router independently calculates the shortest path to each destination and updates its routing table accordingly.

What is BGP?

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is an exterior gateway protocol. This protocol is responsible for how data is traversed over the internet to determine the best route to take. It’s essentially the routing protocol for the global internet and ISP’s.

What is FHRP?

FHRP (First Hop Redundancy Protocol) is used when the active router goes down and uses the backup router as the new active router. When a user is connecting to the active router, it actually connects to a VIP (Virtual IP) that is associated with the active router. So if the original active router goes down, the VIP goes to the backup router to allow that user to continue their work without disruption.

Define what PAT is.

PAT (Port Address Translation) or aka (NAT overload) happens when there are multiple devices inside a network that want to communicate with the same external server. Instead of each device translating to a different public IP address, PAT will take the same public IP that was converted from a private IP and use a different port number instead.