Hellenistic Art

What are the defining characteristics of the Hellenistic movement, thematically and visually?

Change in world view, foreign influences, cosmopolitan, magnificent, more individualized, king patronage

What event marks the beginning of the Hellenistic period and what event marks the end of the Hellenistic period?

begin: Death of Alexander the Great

end: The emergence of the Roman Empire

Who are the architects of the Temple of Apollo, Didyma?

Paionios of Ephesos and Daphnis of Miletos

How is the Temple of Apollo different than previous temples?

Most of the steps are too big to be practical and the columns are gigantic

What does the term Hypaethral mean?

Hypaethral - an open air building

What is a stoa?

Stoa - long interior sheltered building, open on one side, closed on the others

What is the purpose of the Stoa of Attalos II, Athens?

A shopping center or mall

What two works celebrate the victory of King Attalos I over the Gauls in Asia Minor?

Gaul Killing Himself and his Wife

Dying Gaul

How is the subject matter of the Gaul Killing Himself and his Wife from the Victory Monument of Attalos I differentiated from High Classical art?

There is explicit violence, something not included in Classical art

What emotions are depicted in Hellenistic art as seen in Dying Gaul?

Pain and suffering

What is depicted on this Gaul sculpture that we have never seen before?

He has a mustache

Victory Monument of Attalos I

http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/1875/flashcards/758486/jpg/ahs56.jpg

What characteristics of the Hellenistic are depicted in the Seated Boxer and the Old Market Woman and what effect does this have on the viewer?

Seated Boxer

• Older, not idealized but the realistic boxer, the real athlete

• The face shows the damage done by his boxing career

Old Market Woman

• Showing her age, depicting class and weakness

• The reality of life

What is the more recognized Roman name of the Aphrodite of Melos sculpture?

Venus di Milo

How is the Aphrodite of Melos sensualized?

Her body is idealized and nude and she looks away (aloof) allowing the viewer to look

How has Aphrodite evolved in sensuality in Aphrodite, Eros, and Pan?

Sexuality has been added, Aphrodite has fully nude and the entire scene is sexualized

What does kallipygous mean and how is it displayed in the Aphrodite Kallipygous sculpture?

Kallipygous - Aphrodite of the beautiful butt

- Aphrodite is shown looking behind her, admiring her own butt

What is a faun or a satyr?

Faun/satyr - forest god, one with goat-like features

What do the facial features of the Sleeping Satyr (Barberini Faun) suggest?

An unpeaceful sleep, nightmares maybe

Where was the Winged Nike (Victory) of Samothrace sculpture originally placed?

Inside a naval monument with a fountain

How is the movement depicted in Winged Nike? What sentiments does it represent?

Wing is created by the forward movement of the figure

- Power

The frieze of the Great Altar of Zeus, Pergamon is an example of what subject?

Gigantomachy - battle of Olympian gods verses the giants

What may the frieze of the Great Altar of Zeus represent?

The recent battle against the Gauls

What emotional state is depicted in the Athena Battling Alkyoneus that is of the Baroque style?

Baroque style - full of energy, violence and emotion

What Late Hellenistic/Early Roman sculpture depicts a Trojan priest and his sons and who are the sculptors?

Laocoön:

Athanadoros, Hagesandros, and Polydoros of Rhodes

What is the story behind the sculpture, Laocoon?

- Laocoön attempted to warn the Trojans that the horse was a trick but was killed by snakes from the gods because he went against them

Temple of Apollo

Didyma

Paionios of Ephesos & Daphnis of Miletos

313 BCE

Stoa of Attalos

Athens

150 BCE

Gaul Killing Himself and his Wife

part of Victory Monument of Attalos

Pergamon

230-20 BCE

Dying Gaul

part of Victory Monument of Attalos

Pergamon

230-20 BCE

Seated Boxer

Rome

100-50 BCE

Old Market Woman

150-100 BCE

Aphrodite of Melos

150-125 BCE

Aphrodite, Eros and Pan

Delos

100 BCE

Aphrodite Kallipygous

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Aphrodite_Kallipygos-Hermitage_cut.jpg

Sleeping Satyr

(Barberini Faun)

230-200 BC

Winged Nike (Victory) of Samothrace

190 BC

Great Altar of Zeus

Pergamon

175 BCE

Athena battling Alkyoneus

Gigantomachy frieze

Altar of Zeus

Laocoon

Athanadoros, Hagesandros and Polydoros

Early 1st century CE