14.1 Nervous Control in Humans

Define nerve impulse

electrical impulses that travel around neurones

CNS stands for

central nervous system

CNS consists of

brain & spinal cord

PNS stand for

peripheral nervous system

PNS consists of

all nerves in body

CNS & PNS work together for c__ & r__ of body f__

coordination, regulation, functions

Define synapse

junction between 2 neurones

Synapses ensure that impulses travel in __ direction only

1

Name the neuron

sensory

Name the neuron

relay

Name the neuron

motor

In the s__ neuron, the d__ of impulse is from r__ to end

sensory, direction, receptor

In the m__ neuron, the d__ of impulse is from d__ to end

motor, direction, dentrite

What is this?

receptor

What is this? (NOTE: this is the inside long thingy)

myelin sheath

What is this?

cell body

What is this? (NOTE: this is the inside long thingy, bottom)

axon

What is this?

dendrite

What is this?

schwann cells

What is this?

nodes of ranvier

What is this?

synaptic terminal

The s__ neuron carries i__ from sense organs → C__

sensory, impulses, CNS

The r__ neuron c__ neurons

relay, connects

The m__ neuron carries impulses from C__ → m__ & glands

motor, CNS, muscle

Define reflex action

automatically & rapidly integrating & coordinating stimuli w/ responses of effectors

Examples of effectors

muscles & glands

Reflex arcs are r__ & __(voluntary/involuntary)

rapid, involuntary

What does involuntary mean?

no brain involved

Reflex actions (voluntary actions) SRS RMER
S__, r__, s__ neuron, r__ neuron, m__ neuron, e__, r__

stimulus, receptor, sensory, relay, motor, effector, response

What is this?

axon terminal

What is this neuron?

presynaptic neuron

What is this?

vesicles

What is this?

neurotransmitters

What is this?

synaptic cleft

What is this?

neurotransmitter receptors

What is this neuron?

postsynaptic neuron

What is this? (synapse; + ANS)

synapse; dendrite

Synapse
1. i__ triggers release of n__ molecules from v__ → synaptic c__
2. neurotransmitter molecules d__ across gap
3. neurotransmitter molecules b__ w/ r__ proteins on n__ neuron
4. impulse c__ in next neuron

impulse, neurotransmitter, vesicles, cleft, diffuses, bind, receptor, next, continues

Impulses only move in __ direction bc:
> n__ are only made on __ side of the s__
> r__ are only f__ on the o__ side

1, neurotransmitters, 1, synapse, receptors, found, other

Neuron adaptations
> l__ = transmits d__ & rapidly
> many b__ connect to other neuron/effector

long, directly, branches