Genetics Final Exam Study Guide

genetics

Mitosis begins with the __________ stage where the cell grows and DNA replicates.

Interphase

In mitosis, during __________, chromosomes condense and spindle fibers develop.

Prophase

During __________ of mitosis, sister chromatids separate and move to the poles.

Anaphase

In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair during __________ and crossing over takes place.

Prophase I

At the end of meiosis I, the __________ forms and the cytoplasm divides.

Nuclear envelope

In meiosis II, __________ chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate.

Individual

The products of meiosis II are __________ daughter cells, each with half the ploidy.

Four

The __________ is a method to determine whether results fit an expected pattern in genetics.

Chi-squared test

____________ is the process where one gene can mask the expression of another gene.

Epistasis

In X-linked recessive inheritance, affected mothers must pass the trait to their __________.

Sons

A mutation that leads to a premature stop codon is called a __________ mutation.

Nonsense

CRISPR-Cas9 is a mode of genome editing using __________ protein to cut RNA complementary to viral RNA.

Cas

Changes in gene expression that occur without a change in DNA sequence are called __________ changes.

Epigenetic

__________ inheritance involves the mitochondrial DNA passed down maternally.

Cytoplasmic

Incomplete dominance results in a phenotype that is __________ between the two homozygotes.

Intermediate

The mating of a homozygous individual with a heterozygous individual is used in a __________ test.

Complementation

During __________ of RNA processing, introns are removed and exons are joined.

Splicing