PLN 2

Urban Area

Composite of cells, neighborhoods, or communities where people work together for the common good

spatial quality

architecture has \-- unlike painting and sculpture

most comprehensive

architecture also incorporates elements of these art forms (painting and sculpture) therefore is the \-- of visual arts

unavoidable art

architecture is superior because we are surrounded by it, unable to avoid buildings and the subtle penetrating effects of their character it thus become --?

city

largest work of art possible

urban design

deals with the plan of the city, various component parts of urban space and their functional and aesthetic aspects; art of city building; concerned with methods used to organize and structure urban realm

urban design protocal

design of building, places, spaces and networks that make up our towns and cities, and the ways people use them

art; science

urban design remains an \-- as much as \-- involving concepts that are sometimes elusive such as character

public urban space; private domain

urban design involves both \-- and parts of the --, and concerns the urban environment at a range of scales

hard; soft

urban design entails both \-- economic realities and a number of \-- human oriented elements coming together to create a whole that is more than the sum of the parts

jonathan barnett

an early and significant advocate of urban design

design

a methodology that can help solve some of the problems of misallocated resources, misused land and unnecessary destruction of historic buildings - jonathan barnett

involves many people

urban design \-- the have varying interests, perspectives and criteria by which they assess the merits of urban design activity

combine their knowledge

due to broadness of urban design, many different professionals in their respective fields must --

architects and designers

tend to be more concerned with design concepts and theories, ambience, character, image, symbolic significance and aesthetics generally 'cultural aspects'

users and owners

interested in fitness for purpose, which they assess more pragmatically

good; poor

\-- urban design can offer significant benefits to the community; conversely, \-- design can have significant adverse effects on the urban environment, society, and economy

long-term cost

what can be avoided with good urban design?

communities

\-- value better quality of life that good urban design can offer

ability; willingness

urban design can affect people's \-- and \-- to undertake physical exercise

health benefits

good urban design can offer --

safer; secure

urban design can help make towns and cities \-- and more --

most effective

urban design is \-- when a number of elements come together

private property

while urban design's principal concern is the 'public realm', it must be emphasized that it does not exclude --

private buildings and spaces

it has significant impact on the quality of adjacent public areas

continuum; distinct

public and private spaces are better thought of as a \-- than entirely --

physical; spatial

a feature of urban design is a concern for \-- elements and \-- relationshisps

design excellence

(good urban design)
demonstrates \-- in urban development and architecture

distributes

(good urban design)
\-- benefits widely in the population

benefits

(good urban design)
produces environmental --

responds

(good urban design)
\-- to local features and needs

relevant

(good urban design)
\-- to the contemporary world

continuing

(good urban design)
leaves open the possibility for \-- adaptation and change

connections

(good urban design)
forges \-- with the past

urban growth; conservation; change

urban design is the generally accepted name for the process of giving process design direction to --, \-- and --

arrange and shape; provide

urban design aims to \-- buildings, open space and infrastructure into a framework of activities, functions and development and to \-- an engaging, rewarding environment for people

human system; natural system

urban design is the thoughtful integration of the \-- with the \-- to house societies

structurally; functionally

(3 main goals of urban design)
to design and build urban development which are both \-- and \-- sound

sustainable

(3 main goals of urban design)
\-- development

needs; aspirations

(3 main goals of urban design)
meeting the \-- and \-- of the people

sustainable development

integrates environmental, economic, and social concerns and can meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs

development

should not be confined with growth; a qualitative concept concerned with improvement of progress including cultural social and economic dimension

growth

a physical or quantitative concept

financial, physical, human, social, natural

five perspectives that are key to making development sustainable

financial capital

sound macroeconomic planning and prudent fiscal management

physical capital

infrastructure assets such as buildings, machines, roads, power plants, and ports

human capital

good health and education to maintain labor markets

social capital

people's skills and abilities as well as the institutions relationships and norms that shape the quality and quantity of a society's social interaction

natural capital

natural resources both commercial and non commercial and ecological services which provide the requirements for life, including food water energy fibers waste assimilation climate stabilization and other life support services

mankind

viewed as custodian of earth for future generations

maintain; hand on

the aim therefore in the development policy is not to \-- the statues quo but for each generation to \-- a better environment particularly where it is degraded and socially deprived

urban design framework

strategic planning the gives direction to areas in need of repair and undergoing changes

compact; diverse

(principles of urban design framework)
maintain a \-- and \-- critical mass of activity

civic

(principles of urban design framework)
create \-- elements

traffic; pedestrian; streetscape

(principles of urban design framework)
integrate \-- measures, \-- safety and \-- measures

respect

(principles of urban design framework)
\-- traditional urban development patterb

complement

(principles of urban design framework)
new and renovated buildings shall \-- adjacent building

street

(principles of urban design framework)
architecture should be simulated interest at \-- level

color

(principles of urban design framework)
reinforcement through --

complement; appearance

(principles of urban design framework)
signs should \-- building --

conservation

(principles of urban design framework)
\-- of historic buildings

planning; design

(principles of urban design framework)
\-- and \-- of transports and parking lots

ineffectual

methods of design used in single building or in a group of buildings are \-- on a city scale

vast; incapable

(nature of design)
the geographic extent of the city is so \-- that human mind is \-- of developing concurrently explicit 3d plans for entire area

scale; built and rebuilt

(nature of design)
city is of such \-- that its various sections are \-- over a long span of time

simulation movement system

in three dimensional terms has the quality necessary to meet the two city requirements

simultaneous movement systems

path along which city-dwellers move or are transported

mass; space

(concept of simultaneous movement systems)
relationship of \-- and --

experience

(concept of simultaneous movement systems)
continuity of

simultaneous

(concept of simultaneous movement systems)
\-- continuities

responsive architecture

idea that the built environment should provide its users with an essentially democratic setting, enriching their opportunities by maximizing degree of choice available to them

permeability

(how can design affect choice)
it affects where people can/cannot go

variety

(how can design affect choice)
it affects range of uses available to people

legibility

(how can design affect choice)
it affects how easily people can understand what opportunities it offers

robustness

(how can design affect choice)
it affects degree to which people can use a given place for different purposes

visual appropriateness

(how can design affect choice)
it affects whether the detailed appearance of place makes people aware of choices available

richness

(how can design affect choice)
it affects people's choice of sensory experience

personalization

(how can design affect choice)
it affects the extent to which people can put their own stamp on the place

community design architecture

systemic, highly scalable and robust methodology for the facilitated co-evolution of communities of practice, other forms of learning communities and knowledge networks with their virtual learning environmenets

social architecture

(4 layers of community design architecture)
network of relationships collaboration communication and coordination with supporting agreements principles metrics leadership roles decision making etc needed to create open and trusting interactions

knowledge architecture

(4 layers of community design architecture)
the body of available knowledge (intellectual capital) to be upgraded to meet new challenges, by orientation, exploration, reflection, sense-making, and shared memory

business architecture

(4 layers of community design architecture)
financing, attracting and allocating resources (2-way value propositions), business model to ensure sustainability

technology architecture

(4 layers of community design architecture)
advanced online environment with wide range of tools to support collab, communication, coordination in an effiicent, effective, enjoyable way

reduce mistakes

(a well designed architectural framework should let the community:)
due to approaches to community design, that dont account for complexity of what is required to cultivate coherent and productive converstaitons in cyberspace

orient evaluation

(a well designed architectural framework should let the community:)
\-- of choices and tradeoffs among numerous design options, guided by small set of generative design principles

coordinate collaboration

(a well designed architectural framework should let the community:)
\-- between design team, community members, sponsor, facilitator, and all those who have a stake in the community's success

foster co-evolution

(a well designed architectural framework should let the community:)
\-- of self organizing "emergence" and deliberative "design", mirroring the co-evolution of the community with its enabling architecture

establish coherence of design

(a well designed architectural framework should let the community:)
by cycling through key design dimensions in reiterative loops

chart an optimal course

(a well designed architectural framework should let the community:)
\-- of the project that takes account the interdependence of 4 design areas \-- community, knowledge, business, technology and their systemic interdependence

focus attention

(a well designed architectural framework should let the community:)
\-- and other resources, first, on the critical path of design

designing for emergence

(4 principles of CDA methodology)
concerned with ensuring that all enablers of emergence are given proper attention throughout design process

productive conversations

(4 principles of CDA methodology)
concerned with designing into the system the capacity to sustain networks of coherent dialogues and productive inquiries involving any number of members and their communities, across distance and time

transformational design

(4 principles of CDA methodology)
concerned with ensurig that all tools, structures, and processes are optimised for continually meeting the user communities evolving learning needs and aspirations

innovation focus

(4 principles of CDA methodology)
concerned with 4 architectural layers as 4 domains of innovation, and with their cross-pollination

urban spatial structure

(urban design components)
urban design on a large/macro scale. involves deliberate distribution, scaling and combination/separation of land uses to create an integrated whole which defines form of community

urban beautification

(urban design components)
urban design on medium scale. involves landscaping/beautification of public and private areas of the city and placement of buildings

urban decoration

(urban design components)
urban design on small/micro scale. involves projects such as choice of street furniture or colored and textured pavers to decorate an area

builds; supports

(benefits of PLACE)
\-- and \-- the local economy

nurtures and defines

(benefits of PLACE)
\-- and \-- community identity

frequent; meaningful

(benefits of PLACE)
fosters \-- and \-- contact